Improving cotton irrigation methods in erodible soils of Tashkent province, Uzbekistan

Abstract

Agricultural degradation areas are increasing worldwide. From them, 56% due to water erosion, 28% due to wind erosion, 12% due to soil nutrient depletion, salinization, pollution processes, and 4% due to densification, swamping, and subsidence processes. As a result of such negative processes and the existence of the water shortage problem in 80 countries of the world, 7 million hectares of arable land are withdrawn from agricultural use every year, and the problem of food security is arising in the world. In this article, the results of scientific research and cost-effectiveness calculations on 3 different slopes of cultivated fields on soils prone to irrigation erosion are written. In Uzbekistan, great attention is paid to solving the problems of improving land reclamation and increasing the productivity of irrigated lands. In the Action Strategy for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021, it is stated that “... further improvement of the reclamation condition of irrigated lands, development of the network of reclamation and irrigation facilities, wide introduction of intensive methods of agricultural production, first of all, modern water and resource-saving agrotechnologies, highly productive tasks on the use of agricultural machinery” are defined. It is necessary to develop new technologies for effective methods of increasing the productivity of lands prone to irrigation erosion in order to implement part of the specified tasks.

Eco-reclamative and agrochemical indicators of irrigated gray-meadow soils of Uzbekistan

“…Irrigation may be allowed if the water contains up to 2-3 g/l of salt. Mineralization in water is up to 5-8 g/l salt can be used for salt-tolerant plants, 15-20 g/l toxic salts, cannot be used in irrigation [10]. On May 15, 2019 in the experimental fields of Experimental mahalla of Gulistan district of Syrdarya province and in the Botanical Garden of the National University of Uzbekistan in Almazar district of Tashkent studied the quality of water used for irrigation of essential oil plants and obtained analytical results and their impact on plants.…”

“…The upper layer is loose-soft, the cross-section (profile) is weakly thickened towards the lower parts, there are fine grains of salts and crystals of gypsum. In the flat plains of the foothills, large sand dunes are laid [8][9][10]. Gray-meadow soils have 2-3 m of groundwater, which to a certain extent affects the processes of soil formation formed in deep conditions.…”

Acceptable planting periods and fertilizing methods of sesame (Sesamum L.) in the western province of Zarafshan oasis, Uzbekistan

“…Mathematical analysis of field experiment results B.A. According to Dospekhov, phenological observations in plants were carried out based on " Methodology for state variety testing of agricultural crops", "Methods of conducting field experiments", "Methodological manual for the study of the world collection of oilseeds" [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Effective methods of agricultural use of light colored gray soils distributed in Kuva hill

“…As a result of irrigation of gypsified alluvial-accumulative soils, the layer thickens and crystallization begins again [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In addition, the soil surface is deformed, karst and suffocation phenomena occur.…”