Improving Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel, and Hydrogen-Biodiesel Dual-Fuel Engine Aiming Near-Zero Emissions

Roy, Murari Mohon

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8344-2_5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These emissions have a huge impact on people's health, agriculture, farming, buildings, and the nature of the environment. The worldwide transportation industry emitted roughly eight billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2018, as passenger road transport (automobiles and buses) accounted for 50% of all transportation emissions 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The worldwide transportation industry emitted roughly eight billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2018, as passenger road transport (automobiles and buses) accounted for 50% of all transportation emissions. 3 EVs have been proposed as a viable alternative to the rapidly depleting petroleum resources currently used in automotive applications. 4,5 Over the course of an EV's life, repair and maintenance costs per mile are roughly half those of conventional ICE vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey on security challenges and protocols of electric vehicle dynamic charging system

Babu

Palaniswamy

Reddy

et al. 2022

Security and Privacy

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Electric vehicle (EV) has emerged as the future of transport worldwide, with the rising need for greener and energy‐efficient transportation solutions. The adoption of EVs can accommodate a clean atmosphere, dropping conventional fuel dependence. During the charging process, the EV will have to interact with various entities that are presented in the dynamic charging station to get charged. This emerging technology grabbed the attention of several researchers to propose authentication protocols for the dynamic EV charging system to protect the information exchanged between the EVs and the dynamic charging station. Considering the complexities associated with communications among EV and other involved entities, security researchers have proposed diverse authentication protocols vital for the EV charging system to protect the information exchanged. However, several existing authentication protocols either suffer from prominent security threats or limit themselves to static charging. This review paper discusses security aspects, security threats, the typical network model, and the threat model in the EV dynamic charging system. Next, we studied and analyzed various security protocols that are needed to provide authentication, privacy preservation, secure billing, and payment among the involved entities in the EV dynamic charging system. A comparative analysis of several state‐of‐the‐art security protocols that offer authentication, privacy preservation, and secure billing and payment facilities in EV dynamic charging systems is demonstrated with their efficacy as well as security and functionality aspects. In addition, some future challenges for EV dynamic charging system security protocols are also highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%