Improving cereal protein yields for high latitude conditions

Peltonen‐Sainio, Pirjo; Jauhiainen, Lauri; Nissilä, Eero

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2012.01.002

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In common with results from other research on barley in northern areas (Peltonen-Sainio et al, 2012), there was a significant negative correlation between protein and both yield (p < 0.05; correlation coefficient, À0.492) and TKW (p < 0.01; correlation coefficient, À0.742) for barley. Particularly high grain protein content and low yields and low TKW occurred in 2012 which may have been caused by the low growing season temperature and low sunshine hours in July and August limiting photosynthesis and starch accumulation more than nitrogen uptake.…”

Section: Cereal/varietysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Degree days, however, was negatively correlated with protein content for oats and barley in Orkney and barley at Dundee, but positively correlated with protein in oats grown in Berwickupon-Tweed and Morfa. Weather factors were one of the principal drivers for a large environmental effect on grain protein concentration reported for oats and barley grown in Finland, and exceeded the effect of genotype (Peltonen-Sainio et al, 2012). In Orkney, the fat content of oats was correlated positively with degree days but negatively with rainfall.…”

Section: Influence Of Location and Weather On The Nutrient Compositiomentioning

confidence: 94%

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The agronomic performance and nutritional content of oat and barley varieties grown in a northern maritime environment depends on variety and growing conditions

Chappell

Scott

Griffiths

et al. 2017

Journal of Cereal Science

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This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2017.01.005Warmer temperatures and increasing interest in high provenance food and drink products are creating new opportunities for cereal growing in northern Europe. Nevertheless, cultivation of oats and barley in these areas for malting and milling remains a challenge, primarily because of the weather, and there are few reports of their nutritional content from this region. In this study, trials in Orkney compared agronomic characteristics and nutritional content of recommended UK oat and barley varieties with Scandinavian varieties over three years. For a subset of varieties, nutritional content was compared with samples cultivated in more southerly sites. For Orkney, barley was considered a more suitable crop than oats because varieties matured earlier. In both crops, Scandinavian varieties matured earlier than UK varieties and some produced comparable yields. The range of values for macronutrients and minerals in oats and barley in Orkney were similar to those reported previously for other locations, but there were some significant differences attributable to variety and year. Compared with grain samples from more southerly locations, oats in Orkney had a significantly lower ?-glucan and higher sodium content. The lower ?-glucan may have resulted from higher rainfall and lower temperatures during the months of grain filling and maturationauthorsversionPeer reviewe

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Section: Cereal/varietysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Influence Of Location and Weather On The Nutrient Compositiomentioning

confidence: 94%

The agronomic performance and nutritional content of oat and barley varieties grown in a northern maritime environment depends on variety and growing conditions

Chappell

Scott

Griffiths

et al. 2017

Journal of Cereal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, we did not find a reduction in grain N concentration with time, as has been found in Argentinian [32], [33] and Italian [34] bread wheat cultivars. It is known that there is often a negative relationship between grain yield and grain N concentration [35], [36]. If previous breeding aimed for high N concentrations, it is possible that yield increases have been low as a consequence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swedish Spring Wheat Varieties with the Rare High Grain Protein Allele of NAM-B1 Differ in Leaf Senescence and Grain Mineral Content

et al. 2013

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Some Swedish spring wheat varieties have recently been shown to carry a rare wildtype (wt) allele of the gene NAM-B1, known to affect leaf senescence and nutrient retranslocation to the grain. The wt allele is believed to increase grain protein concentration and has attracted interest from breeders since it could contribute to higher grain quality and more nitrogen-efficient varieties. This study investigated whether Swedish varieties with the wt allele differ from varieties with one of the more common, non-functional alleles in order to examine the effect of the gene in a wide genetic background, and possibly explain why the allele has been retained in Swedish varieties. Forty varieties of spring wheat differing in NAM-B1 allele type were cultivated under controlled conditions. Senescence was monitored and grains were harvested and analyzed for mineral nutrient concentration. Varieties with the wt allele reached anthesis earlier and completed senescence faster than varieties with the non-functional allele. The wt varieties also had more ears, lighter grains and higher yields of P and K. Contrary to previous information on effects of the wt allele, our wt varieties did not have increased grain N concentration or grain N yield. In addition, temporal studies showed that straw length has decreased but grain N yield has remained unaffected over a century of Swedish spring wheat breeding. The faster development of wt varieties supports the hypothesis of NAM-B1 being preserved in Fennoscandia, with its short growing season, because of accelerated development conferred by the NAM-B1 wt allele. Although the possible effects of other gene actions were impossible to distinguish, the genetic resource of Fennoscandian spring wheats with the wt NAM-B1 allele is interesting to investigate further for breeding purposes.

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“…are oil crops that produce high-quality protein as a valuable parallel product. Also cereals have considerable capacity to produce protein that can be enhanced further (Peltonen-Sainio et al 2011b. However, full-scale use of hidden potential of cereals and rapeseeds requires investments in the bio-ethanol industry, which in turn provides protein-rich distillers' concentrate for feed use.…”

Section: Manuscript Received May 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, protein self-sufficiency in Europe averages 30%, whereas in Finland during recent years it has been ~25% at most. In the northernmost European growing regions, represented by Finland, alternatives for crop based protein production are more limited than elsewhere in Europe (Peltonen-Sainio et al 2011a, 2011b. Hence, one may ask whether it would be feasible to increase the production of protein crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein crop production at the northern margin of farming: to boost or not to boost

Peltonen‐Sainio

Niemi

2012

AFSci

Self Cite

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Global changes in food demand resulting from population growth and more meat-intensive diets require an increase in global protein crop production, not least as climate change and increasing scarcity of fresh water could restrict future production. In contrast to many other regions, in Finland climate change could open new opportunities through enabling more diverse cropping systems. It is justified to re-enquire whether the extent and intensity of protein crop production are optimized, resources are used efficiently and sustainably, cropping systems are built to be resilient and whether ecological services that protein crops provide are utilized appropriately. This paper aims to analyze in a descriptive manner the biological grounds for sustainable intensification of protein crop production in Finland. Production security is considered by evaluating the effects of and likelihood for constraints typical for northern conditions, examining historical and recent crop failures and estimating ecosystem services that more extensive introduction of protein crops potentially provide for northern cropping systems now and in a changing climate. There is an evident potential to expand protein crop production sustainably to a couple of times its current area. In general, variability in protein yields tends to be higher for protein crops than spring cereals. Nevertheless, protein yield variability was not necessarily systematically higher for Finland, when compared with other European regions, as it was for cereals. Protein crops provide significant ecological services that further support their expanded production. By this means protein self-sufficiency remains unrealistic, but increased production of protein crops can be achieved. The expansion of rapeseed and legumes areas also seems to be economically feasible. From the economic viewpoint, an increase in domestic protein supply requires that farmers have economic incentives to a) cultivate protein-rich crops instead of cereals, and b) use them as animal feed instead of imported sources of protein. Environmental sustainability is an argument to justify economic support for protein-rich crops and thus increase their cultivation.

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Improving cereal protein yields for high latitude conditions

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

The agronomic performance and nutritional content of oat and barley varieties grown in a northern maritime environment depends on variety and growing conditions

The agronomic performance and nutritional content of oat and barley varieties grown in a northern maritime environment depends on variety and growing conditions

Swedish Spring Wheat Varieties with the Rare High Grain Protein Allele of NAM-B1 Differ in Leaf Senescence and Grain Mineral Content

Protein crop production at the northern margin of farming: to boost or not to boost

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