Improving biological control of the invasive aquatic weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides: cold tolerance of Amynothrips andersoni (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and the short-term feeding impact on different host haplotypes

Knight, Ian A.; Harms, Nathan E.

doi:10.1007/s10526-022-10143-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The CTmin and chill coma was determined for each population using previously described methods (Knight & Harms, 2022). Individual insects were placed into 15 mm diameter arenas cut into a 216 mm long, 161 mm wide, and 6.25 mm thick aluminum sheet (40 arenas per sheet) set on top of a CP-200HT-TT Peltier plate (TE Technology).…”

Section: Cold Tolerance Measurement Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…comm). Therefore, new cold‐tolerant biotypes or agents are needed to improve control in these northern areas (Buckingham & Boucias, 1982; Knight & Harms, 2022). Given the broad and expanding distribution of A. philoxeroides , the duration of agent establishment in the USA, and that multiple introductions of agents from various source populations have been made, the system is an excellent candidate for the evaluation of local exploration as an approach to reduce climate mismatch between agents and target weeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate evaluation of cold tolerance in domestic and foreign populations for addressing climate mismatch in biological control of Alternanthera philoxeroides in the USA

Knight

Harms

Reddy³

et al. 2023

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Lack of successful biological control of alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae), by Agasicles hygrophila Selman & Vogt (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the USA is an emerging problem as A. philoxeroides expands into temperate climates due to poor cold tolerance of the beetles. Sourcing climatically suited biotypes of biological control agents is traditionally done through foreign exploration into their native range; however, surveying introduced populations may provide a cost‐effective and regulatory‐friendly alternative. To compare foreign biotypes to those established in the USA, two populations of A. hygrophila were collected from the coolest extent of their range in South America, and two populations were collected from stable populations in the southeastern USA. For comparing cold tolerance among introduced populations, eight populations were collected from across a climatic gradient. For all populations, cold tolerance was measured as a function of supercooling point, critical thermal minimum (CTmin), chill coma, and temperature‐dependent survival and development of eggs and larvae. Results of cold‐tolerance measures for North American populations were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality and detect trends in cold tolerance among populations. For foreign and locally collected A. hygrophila, South American populations were significantly more cold tolerant as measured by CTmin (Δ1.98 °C), chill coma (Δ1.95 °C), larval survival (Δ35.0%), and development time of eggs (24.7% faster) and larvae (17.4% faster) at 15 °C. Comparisons among North American populations found significant differences in cold tolerance across populations; however, results were less consistent than those observed for foreign populations. The first principal component (PC) explained 43.0% of variation in cold‐tolerance metrics and was strongly related to mean temperature of the coldest quarter. The use of a multivariate approach to evaluate and compare cold‐tolerance phenotypes provides strong evidence of local adaptation in introduced populations of A. hygrophila. However, South American populations may still provide the best chance for control of A. philoxeroides in northern infestations.

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Section: Cold Tolerance Measurement Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%