Improvements on the line outage distribution factor for power system security analysis

Chang, Yung-Chung; Yang, Wei; Liu, Chun-Chang

doi:10.1016/0378-7796(93)90018-a

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The matrix of Line Outage Distribution Factors (LODFs), can be directly derived from the PTDFs and it quantifies the ratio of change in line active flows conditional to the removal of transmission lines one-at-a-time. Specifically, each one of its elements d k l quantify the impact of removing a transmission line k on the active flow in the line l, see [33]- [34]- [35] for further details. Thus, provided a pre-outage active flow in the line l (f l ), it is possible to compute directly the post-contingency flow after failure of the line k (f k l ) as follows [11]:…”

Section: Line Outage Distribution Factors (Lodfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A post-contingency power flow emulator for generalized probabilistic risks assessment of power grids

Rocchetta

Patelli

2020

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

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In the past decades, risk assessment frameworks have been developed as a viable alternative to Security-Constrained Dispatch for power grids. Risk-based dispatch can increase power grid profitability and help better understanding of prominent hazards, however, relevant sources of uncertainty are often neglected to meet efficiency requirements. In this work, a research effort towards the development of advanced risk assessment frameworks for power grids is presented. A surrogate model strategy is proposed and speeds up the post-contingency consequence evaluation by analytical sensitivity indices (Line-Outage Distribution Factor). The risk surrogate model is embedded within a generalized uncertainty quantification framework to evaluate: (1) The amount of epistemic uncertainty affecting the risk index and attributable to imprecision in the parameters of the model; (2) The effect aleatory uncertainty in environmental-operational variables. The surrogate model is tested on the 24 nodes IEEE Reliability Test System. Computational time and accuracy of the results are compared to a high-fidelity AC power flow risk model. Strengths and weaknesses of the proposed framework highlighted.

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Section: Line Outage Distribution Factors (Lodfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A post-contingency power flow emulator for generalized probabilistic risks assessment of power grids

Rocchetta

Patelli

2020

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

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“…Transformer outages may happen due to overload of an equipments or tank leakages or damage in protection or due to maintenance etc. These can be identified by using a bonding method [2], line outage distribution factors (LODF) [3] and power flows [4]. In real time, distribution transformers are monitored by using RMS (Real time Monitoring System) integrated with PLC (Power Line Carrier) technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of network transformers in electrical distribution system by considering social welfare index

Krishna¹,

Varma²,

Prakash³

et al. 2019

IJEECS

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<span lang="EN-US">To supply a meshed distribution system, network transformers are required. When few transformers are not in service, they must be repaired or replaced. A method is proposed for prioritizing the transformers considering the critical loads. Repair or replacement of transformers can be done by giving priority based on risk reduction. By addressing the possibility of network collapse due to failure of the feeder and impacted customers, risk can be predicted where the loads are extremely used at feeders section, network transformers and secondary mains. To select the transformer that needs to be replaced quickly and economically, an algorithm is proposed and it was tested on IEEE test system using GridLAB-D, MATLAB softwares. An index is proposed to give priority to emergency needs like hospitals and water pumping stations. Replacement or repair can be done by prioritizing network transformers incorporating social welfare index. </span>

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“…Nevertheless, the aforementioned methods still require numerous iterations for convergence. Approaches based on network sensitivity, such as generation shift distribution factor (GSDF) , generalized generation distribution factor (GGDF) , Z‐bus distribution factor (ZBD) , and power transfer distribution factor , have been proposed for improving the weakness of conventional methods. Although the aforementioned sensitivity factors still have disadvantages, their calculation time is small and they do not need any iteration after the load demand is changed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time calculation of power system bus voltage using a hybrid approach combining the Newton–Raphson method and dynamic programming

Huang

Yao

2015

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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The calculation of the magnitudes and phase angles of the bus voltage is a challenging task in real-time applications for power systems. Voltage profile, which denotes the present conditions of a power system, is determined by executing the traditional AC power flow program or by searching the supervisory control and data acquisition system. The AC power flow program is not suitable for several real-time applications, such as contingency analysis and security control calculations, because of its complexity and convergence problems. Fast computation is the major concern in such applications. In this paper, a new method based on sensitivity factors, referred to as Jacobian-based distribution factors (JBDFs), is proposed for calculating the magnitudes and phase angles of bus voltages. This method requires setting up JBDFs and deriving optimal solution paths of bus voltage for non-swing buses through dynamic programming under base-case loading conditions. Under real-time conditions, the proposed method initially calculates real and reactive power line flows via JBDFs, and then computes the voltage magnitudes and phase angles of non-swing buses through the derived optimal solution paths. The excellence of the proposed hybrid calculation method is verified by IEEE test systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits fast computation and high accuracy. Thus, the method is suitable for real-time applications.flow, security control [14], and line flow computation after a fault occurs.In [15], a Jacobian-based distribution factor (JBDF) is proposed for overcoming the shortcomings of GSDF, GGDF, and ZBD. The correlative partial differential terms of JBDF are derived according to base-case power flow solutions and the inverse Jacobian matrix. Then, the active and reactive power JBDF terms are established [15]. This approach reflects changes in the complex injection power. Changes in load conditions from base-case loads, with either conforming or nonconforming changes in complex power in each bus, can be used to compute active and reactive power flows without iterations, rapidly. The use of JBDF for solving line flow after a change in load demand is fine except for solving the magnitude and phase angle of bus voltage. In this paper, both line flow and the bus voltage can be solved by the proposed hybrid approach based on sensitivity factors. Consequently, the Newton-Raphson method is employed as the base-case solution framework. The essential difference is that the proposed approach computes solutions of the bus voltage equations via JBDF bus voltage formulas instead of iterative nonlinear equations. Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the proposed approach and its real-time applications for modern power systems. This approach can simplify the solution procedure. With this simplification, a reduction in the overall execution time is expected. Thus, the proposed approach, which combines the Newton-Raphson method and dynamic programming, is a fast and effective soft calculation method for real-time...

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Improvements on the line outage distribution factor for power system security analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

A post-contingency power flow emulator for generalized probabilistic risks assessment of power grids

A post-contingency power flow emulator for generalized probabilistic risks assessment of power grids

Prioritization of network transformers in electrical distribution system by considering social welfare index

Real‐time calculation of power system bus voltage using a hybrid approach combining the Newton–Raphson method and dynamic programming

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