Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates

Yong-Sing, Ng; Yun-Ming, Liew; Cheng-Yong, Heah; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri; Pakawanit, Phakkhananan; Vizureanu, Petrică; Khalid, Mohd Suhaimi; Hui-Teng, Ng; Yong-Jie, Hang; Nabiałek, M.; Pietrusiewicz, P.; Garus, S.; Sochacki, Wojciech; Śliwa, A.

doi:10.3390/ma15124178

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…In comparison, the 10 years curing age samples had lower overall porosity, pore diameter, and pore volume than the 28 days curing age sample. The reduction in total porosity is due to longer evaporation and dehydroxylation in the geopolymer during the curing period, which generates an isolated pores network and yields a denser surface [ 11 ]. This observation is consistent with the finding of surface morphology ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise, if standard X-ray tomography (µ-CT) is utilized, it is difficult to obtain a highlight-connected pore network for geopolymer material from the segmented pore [ 10 ]. Synchrotron X-ray tomography (SXTM) produces a high-resolution three-dimensional picture of pores and network arrangement [ 11 ]. Evaluating the microstructural properties of geopolymer in the short and long term is critical for identifying potential changes of structure degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

et al. 2023

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This paper elucidates the mechanical performance, microstructure, and porosity evolution of fly ash geopolymer after 10 years of curing age. Given their wide range of applications, understanding the microstructure of geopolymers is critical for their long-term use. The outcome of fly ash geopolymer on mechanical performance and microstructural characteristics was compared between 28 days of curing (FA28D) and after 10 years of curing age (FA10Y) at similar mixing designs. The results of this work reveal that the FA10Y has a beneficial effect on strength development and denser microstructure compared to FA28D. The total porosity of FA10Y was also lower than FA28D due to the anorthite formation resulting in the compacted matrix. After 10 years of curing age, the 3D pore distribution showed a considerable decrease in the range of 5–30 µm with the formation of isolated and intergranular holes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

et al. 2023

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“…The use of LF slag alone [60], activated LF slag, and the inclusion of additives like fly ash [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140], fibers [141][142][143], and metakaolin [59,144] has been studied for forming geopolymers. The most critical factor in developing geopolymers is the hydration of binders, cement, slag, or fly ash to activate calcium aluminum silicate minerals using an alkali activator.…”

Section: Lf Slag-based Geopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ladle Furnace Slag: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

Jacob

2023

ChemBioEng Reviews

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Ladle slag is a byproduct formed during the ladle refining stage of steel making. It is a dusty material that has been considered industrial waste. Technical advancements towards a sustainable industry led to the development of different applications for ladle slag. Depending on the processing methods during the steel slag production and the weathering of the slag post‐production, the elemental composition of the steel slag largely varies. Owing to this, its characteristics cannot be generalized and specific applications depending on the sources are developed. It is generally used in construction materials, soil rejuvenation, and CO2 capture. This paper reviews the production process, the mineralogical and morphological properties, stabilization techniques, and the applications of ladle furnace (LF) slag. One of the prime focuses of waste remediation and sustainable industry is to find meaningful ways to turn waste into products. In this respect, a comprehensive review of the properties of LF slag and its current application will help provide a framework for the development of future sustainability goals. With increased slag usage, the ladle refining process of steelmaking can be turned into a more carbon‐neutral process.

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“…It has been observed that the bending performance of thin borax decahydrate geopolymers increases significantly with temperature increase. Thus, it has been seen that geopolymers containing borax decahydrate can be used to develop high strength [69]. Nano carbon black was used in a study on thermal conductivity and photothermal conversion.…”

Section: Tga-dta Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Surface Area Properties of Micro and Nano Sized Pumice

Kılıçer

2023

JNanoR

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Raw pumice samples were modified with nano carbon black, borax, and nano carbon-borax using the sol-gel method by applying surface modification processes, and the changes in the thermal behavior of the surface modification of the raw pumice were studied by characterizing them with FE-SEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD, BET and TGA-DTA. In the analyses made with FE-SEM, it was observed that the surface and pore structure of the raw pumice changed after the modified process, and in the EDX analysis, it was determined that nano carbon black and borax adhered to the surface of the raw pumice. In the XRD results, no change in the crystal structure of the raw pumice was observed after the modified treatment. TGA-DTA analysis showed that the mass loss of raw pumice (P) was greater than pumice-nano carbon black (PC), pumice-borax (PB), and pumice-borax-nano carbon black (PBC). Accordingly, raw pumice showed a mass loss of approximately 25%, pumice-borax (PB) and pumice-nano carbon black (PC) 0.45%, and pumice-borax-nano carbon black (PBC) nearly 3%. According to the BET analysis results, it was determined that the raw pumice has a surface area of 28.126 m2/g. After the surface modification process, the surface area of the raw pumice was determined as 52.127 m2/g in the pumice-nano carbon black sample, 49.125 m2/g in the pumice-borax sample, and 32.523 m2/g in the pumice-borax-carbon black sample. Considering the data obtained, the best surface properties were showed in pumice-nano carbon black (PC). Research results showed that; the modification process with nano carbon black and borax changed the thermal behavior of raw pumice.

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Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

Ladle Furnace Slag: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

Thermal and Surface Area Properties of Micro and Nano Sized Pumice

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