Improvements in the extraction of bioactive compounds by enzymes

Abstract

Bioactives from plants are always in high demand in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and functional food sectors due to their health benefits. This intensifies the need of extraction of bioactives by different methods that can improve the yield and purity of the compound. Enzyme helps in the release of bioactives from the plant material under optimized conditions so as to make the extraction process efficient. Though enzymatic extraction of bioactive has been used since long, it needs improvement to further enhance the yield, reduce the process time and to make the process cost competitive. The combination of enzymatic extraction with other green techniques such as ultrasound extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, three phase partitioning, ionic liquid extraction and microwave extraction can boost the advantages of enzymatic extraction. This review focuses on the improvement in the enzymatic extraction techniques for the bioactive in detail. Keywords Bioactives Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) Ultrasound assisted enzyme extraction (UAEE) Enzyme-assisted supercritical extraction (EASCFE) Ionic liquids enzyme assisted extraction (ILEAE) Microwave assisted enzymatic extraction (MAEE) Enzyme assisted three phase partition (EATPP) High pressure assisted enzymatic extraction (HPAEE)

Fruit Seeds as Sources of Bioactive Compounds: Sustainable Production of High Value-Added Ingredients from By-Products within Circular Economy

“…However, the demand for improving the extraction yield of the target bioactive compounds from plant matrices and the pressure on the environmental friendliness of the production process indicated the need for the development of novel extraction techniques that are based on benign pre-extraction technology by the implementation of enzymes [183]. Marathe et al [184] described the effectiveness of the enzymatic hydrolysis in the reduction of cellular wall thickness to ensure the better passage of the solvent toward compounds that may be bound in the wall. This way, the extraction will eventually lead to higher yields, more efficiency, a reduction in the processing time and the solvent used, and at the end, a prospective technological solution that is sustainability and commercially viable.…”

“…In supercritical fluid extraction, the most commonly used solvent is carbon dioxide, which due to its low critical temperature allows the extraction of thermally sensitive compounds [184,203]. Still, the challenge is related to the high cost of processing as compared to a low yield of extracted compounds.…”

Surfactant-assisted enzymatic extraction of piperine from Piper nigrum L

“…When the temperature exceeds from its optimum enzyme hydrolysis temperature, the character of the enzyme will gradually change, leading to the decrease or loss of enzyme activity, which is not conductive to the extraction of piperine. [26] Under the experimental conditions, the optimum temperature of cellulase used was 55°C (Figure 2d).…”

Review of Alternative Solvents for Green Extraction of Food and Natural Products: Panorama, Principles, Applications and Prospects

“…The use of enzymes provides high selectivity, mild treatment conditions (processes occurring at low temperatures and for short period time), the possibility of using the whole plant material and high product quality (low residue levels) compared with other methods such as mechanical and chemical treatment [26,27]. For example, Kahveci et al [28] used enzyme-assisted extraction to increase the recovery of carotenoids, especially lycopene, from tomato paste production waste.…”