Improvements and limitation of soy protein‐based adhesive: A review

Lamaming, Sofie Zarina; Lamaming, Junidah; Rawi, Nurul Fazita Mohammad; Hashim, Rokiah; Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad; Hussin, M. Hazwan; Bustami, Yazmin; Sulaiman, Othman; Amini, Mohd Hazim Mohamad; Hızıroǧlu, Salim

doi:10.1002/pen.25782

Cited by 46 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In summary, lignin‐SP and PAE‐SP associations are identical and have similar interactions. Both lignin and PAE reacted with carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups of the SP leading to a strong lignin‐PAE‐SP complex 24,38 . There is a high possibility of lignin‐PAE interactions which exceed the amount of lignin and PAE as the absorption band at 1739 cm −1 shown in Figure 5(d) (0.5% and 1% PAE blended with 2% lignin).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both lignin and PAE reacted with carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups of the SP leading to a strong lignin-PAE-SP complex. 24,38 There is a high possibility of lignin-PAE interactions which exceed the amount of lignin and PAE as the absorption band at 1739 cm À1 shown in Figure 5(d) (0.5% and 1% PAE blended with 2% lignin). The new absorption band indicates carbonyl stretching of ester or acid.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, PAE can potentially improve both cohesion and adhesion strengths of protein adhesives. However, a significant amount of crosslinker/PAE is needed to improve water resistance of SP adhesive, rising a concern about product cost, environmental issue, and sustainability of the products 20,24 . Therefore, avoiding/minimizing the usage of the chemical agents, and encouraging the usage of bio‐based or renewable materials are highly needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved soy protein adhesives by lignin and polyamide‐epichlorohydrin: Adhesion performance and properties

Pradyawong

Brown

Zhao

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Protein modifications by crosslinkers have been known to be the most effective way to improve the bonding performance of plant‐based protein adhesives. However, utilizing a huge amount of chemical crosslinkers in wood industries rises a concern about product's sustainability and environmental pollution. Therefore, the objective of this study was to improve the water resistance of soy protein (SP) adhesives using renewable bio‐based lignin with minimal use of polyamide‐epichlorohydrin (PAE). The effects of lignin, PAE and combination of lignin‐PAE on SP adhesives were investigated. The results showed that the addition of lignin enhanced the thermal properties of SP adhesives with an increment in the denaturing temperature of 11S protein subunit, whereas PAE elevated the denaturing temperature of 7S protein subunit. Moreover, individual addition of either lignin or PAE increased the elastic modulus and wet adhesion performance of SP adhesives. The same trend was also observed on adhesion performance when both lignin and PAE were used in conjunction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra indicated interactions of lignin and PAE to carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups of SP, which lead to a stronger SP network. SP adhesive (10%) modified by a combination of 1% lignin and 1% PAE improved wet adhesion strength by 111% (from 1.8 to 3.8 MPa) with no impact on the spreadability. Further addition of either lignin or PAE did not show a positive effect on the adhesion performance, but rather a decrease in adhesive spreadability due to excessive interactions among SP, lignin, and PAE as well as the interference of the excessive lignin/PAE.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved soy protein adhesives by lignin and polyamide‐epichlorohydrin: Adhesion performance and properties

Pradyawong

Brown

Zhao

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Biomass materials, such as protein, starch, tannin, and lignin are commonly employed in the manufacture of wood adhesives [5][6][7][8]. The application of protein adhesives has a long history, and they are classified as animal or plant protein adhesives based on their raw material sources [9,10]. Although the latter has a late start in research, it has been studied most recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Environment-Friendly Adhesive Based on Recycling of Broussonetia papyrifera Leaf Forestry Waste Protein

Cheng

Tang

Wang

et al. 2022

Forests

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Wood adhesive was prepared using Broussonetia papyrifera waste leaf protein as the raw material. The performance of the B. papyrifera leaf protein adhesive compared to soy protein was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that both B. papyrifera leaf protein and soy protein were spherical proteins that could easily form three-dimensional crosslinked network structures and were of potential for protein adhesive preparation. The B. papyrifera leaf and soy protein-based adhesives had similar curing behaviors, but the crosslinking reaction of B. papyrifera leaf protein-based adhesive seems to be more complex than that of the soy protein-based adhesive. The B. papyrifera leaf protein-based adhesive had a lower increasing trend of particle size and crystallinity than the soy-based protein adhesive, and its water resistance and bonding strength were also weaker. The plywood with BP leaf protein adhesive had dry and wet shear strengths of 0.93 MPa and 0.59 MPa, respectively. These results are promising for future industrial production using Broussonetia papyrifera waste leaf protein as a new protein wood adhesive in the wood industry.

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“…Related information on the water resistance and bonding strength of soy protein-based adhesives has been discussed in recent literature. [17,18] The functional designs of soy protein-based adhesives with antimildew, antibacterial, and flame retardant properties are significantly important but not mentioned. In this review, the chemical compositions of soy protein and their influences in modification strategies on performances of soy protein-based adhesives, including water resistance, antimicrobial, and flame retardant properties, etc., were summarized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in Bio‐Based Soy Protein Adhesives: A Review

Chen

Shi

Zhou

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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Recently, soy protein has attracted extensive attention from wood industries and consumers in the production of wood adhesives as it is non‐toxic, biodegradable, low cost, and easy to process. There are a variety of reactive groups namely OH, NH2, COOH, and SH, in protein molecules, which offer possibilities for protein denaturation, chemical modification, and increased ionic interactions. The research in protein denaturation, crosslinking modification, biomimetic modification, and organic–inorganic hybrid formulation not only focuses on enhancing the mechanical properties and tolerance to water of the adhesives but also considers its toughness, mildew resistance, and flame retardancy to further optimize the performances of the adhesives. In this paper, soy protein chemical composition, soy protein denaturation, and reinforced modification are discussed to understand these methods and further develop into a multifunctional soy protein‐based adhesive. Given the potential of bio‐based adhesives, these modification methods not only provide the theoretical basis for its development at full scale, but also the possibility for the multifunctional applications of bio‐based adhesives.

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Improvements and limitation of soy protein‐based adhesive: A review

Cited by 46 publications

References 70 publications

Improved soy protein adhesives by lignin and polyamide‐epichlorohydrin: Adhesion performance and properties

Improved soy protein adhesives by lignin and polyamide‐epichlorohydrin: Adhesion performance and properties

A Novel Environment-Friendly Adhesive Based on Recycling of Broussonetia papyrifera Leaf Forestry Waste Protein

Developments in Bio‐Based Soy Protein Adhesives: A Review

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