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This study aims to analyze the development trends of intelligent device interface improvements, specifically the car dashboards, by applying liquid crystal display technology. The methodology used in this study is mainly a comparison and analysis of the improvements that have been made. The objects in the study were several old version dashboards display instruments that were compared against the improved version of the LCDs. This paper analyses the requirements of car operators, with various proficiency for drivers’ information, in enhancing the modern car dashboards displays. Besides, this study further delves into ways through which instrument interface intelligently can be improved to adapt effectively to all kinds of drivers. This study also touches on an analytical view of information targeting drivers. This is a scientific technique to determine the extent of information needed from drivers in different circumstances by having precise or averaged information about the drivers; it is easier to integrate this information into the human interface that helps in these modern car operations. The results of the study show that the current LCD Dashboards are valuable, accurate, precise user friendly, and improved with integrated ICT pieces of equipment. This makes them much better than the older traditional systems of the car dashboards.
This study aims to analyze the development trends of intelligent device interface improvements, specifically the car dashboards, by applying liquid crystal display technology. The methodology used in this study is mainly a comparison and analysis of the improvements that have been made. The objects in the study were several old version dashboards display instruments that were compared against the improved version of the LCDs. This paper analyses the requirements of car operators, with various proficiency for drivers’ information, in enhancing the modern car dashboards displays. Besides, this study further delves into ways through which instrument interface intelligently can be improved to adapt effectively to all kinds of drivers. This study also touches on an analytical view of information targeting drivers. This is a scientific technique to determine the extent of information needed from drivers in different circumstances by having precise or averaged information about the drivers; it is easier to integrate this information into the human interface that helps in these modern car operations. The results of the study show that the current LCD Dashboards are valuable, accurate, precise user friendly, and improved with integrated ICT pieces of equipment. This makes them much better than the older traditional systems of the car dashboards.
Light sources tend to affect images captured in any automatic optical inspection (AOI) system. In this study, the effectiveness of metal-halide lamps, quartz-halogen lamps, and LEDs as the light sources in AOI systems for the detection of the third and fourth layers electrodes of thin-film-transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs) is examined experimentally. The results show that the performance of LEDs is generally comparable or better than that of metal-halide and quartz-halogen lamps. The best optical performance is by the blue LED due to its spectrum compatibility with the time-delay-integration charged-coupled device (TDI CCD) sensor and its better spatial resolution. The images revealed by the blue LED are sharper and more distinctive. Since current LEDs are more energy efficient and environmentally friendly, using LEDs as the light source for AOI is very beneficial. As the blue LED performs the best, it should be adopted for AOI using TDI CCD sensors.
Among colours, the green colour has the most sensitivity in human vision so that green colour defects on displays can be effortlessly perceived by a photopic eye with the most intensity in the wavelength 555 nm of the spectrum. With the market moving forward to high resolution, displays can have resolutions of 10 million pixels. Therefore, the method of detecting the appearance of the panel using ultra-high resolutions in TFT-LCD is important. The machine vision associated with transmission chromaticity spectrometer that quantises the defects are explored, such as blackening and whitening. The result shows the significant phenomena to recognize the non-uniformity of film-related chromatic variation. In contrast, the quantitative assessment illustrates that the just noticeable difference (JND) of chromaticity CIE xyY at 0.001 is the measuring sensitivity for the chromatic variables (x, y), whereas JND is a perceptible threshold for a colour difference metric. Moreover, an optical device associated with a 198Hg discharge lamp calibrates the spectrometer accuracy.
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