Geothermal energy has become one of the new energy sources of great concern
due to its wide distribution, abundant reserves and green, clean and
renewable advantages. In view of the advantages of both geothermal energy
development potential and abundant seawater reserves in the coastal areas,
granite is taken as the research object, and the surface topography under
different temperatures (100?C, 200?C, 300?C, 400?C, and 500?C) and
different thermal shock cycles (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20) is obtained. Based on
3-D scanning technology, the damage details of the surface are
reconstructed, and the roughness parameters of the surface are obtained. The
maximum height, the maximum valley depth and the arithmetic mean height
increase with the increase of the temperature and the number of times, but
the maximum peak height does not change significantly. Based on fractal
theory, the variation law of the fractal dimension is further discussed. The
impact regions that affect the fractal dimension and thermal damage are
divided: the weak impact region, the transition region, and the significant
impact region. It lays a corresponding basic law for the heat exchange
efficiency and strength characteristics of dry hot rock.