Improvement potential for net energy balance of biodiesel derived from palm oil: A case study from Indonesian practice

Kamahara, Hirotsugu; Hasanudin, Udin; Widiyanto, Anugerah; Tachibana, Ryuichi; Atsuta, Yoichi; Goto, Naohiro; Daimon, Hiroyuki; Fujie, Koichi

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.07.014

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The energy balance can be quantified by comparing the energy inputs required in each LCA stage, and comparing the total required energy inputs with the embodied energy of the biodiesel product [42][43][44][45][46]. In this analysis, net energy was used to measure energy efficiency, since it is the net energy yield that measures the true value of an energy resource to society [47][48][49]. The net energy available from a fuel is equal to: NE = GE − E, where GE is the gross energy produced by the fuel during its combustion and E is the total energy consumption during its lifecycle production, in this case in Figure 2, below where E1 and E2 represent the energies consumed during the feedstock growth and production and fuel production stages, respectively.…”

Section: Energy and Carbon Balance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Net Energy, CO2 Emission and Land-Based Cost-Benefit Analyses of Jatropha Biodiesel: A Case Study of the Panzhihua Region of Sichuan Province in China

2012

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Bioenergy is currently regarded as a renewable energy source with a high growth potential. Forest-based biodiesel, with the significant advantage of not competing with grain production on cultivated land, has been considered as a promising substitute for diesel fuel by many countries, including China. Consequently, extracting biodiesel from Jatropha curcas has become a growing industry. However, many key issues related to the development of this industry are still not fully resolved and the prospects for this industry are complicated. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the net energy, CO 2 emission, and cost efficiency of Jatropha biodiesel as a substitute fuel in China to help resolve some of the key issues by studying data from this region of China that is well suited to growing Jatropha. Our results show that: (1) Jatropha biodiesel is preferable for global warming mitigation over diesel fuel in terms of the carbon sink during Jatropha tree growth. (2) The net energy yield of Jatropha biodiesel is much lower than that of fossil fuel, induced by the high energy consumption during Jatropha plantation establishment and the conversion from seed oil to diesel fuel step. Therefore, the energy efficiencies of the production of Jatropha and its conversion to biodiesel need to be improved. (3) Due to current low profit and high risk in the study area, farmers have little incentive to continue or increase Jatropha production. (4) It is necessary to provide more subsidies and preferential policies for Jatropha plantations if this industry is to grow. It is also necessary for local government to set realistic objectives and make rational plans to choose proper sites for Jatropha OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 2151 biodiesel development and the work reported here should assist that effort. Future research focused on breading high-yield varieties, development of efficient field management systems, and detailed studies lifecycle environmental impacts analysis is required to promote biologically and economically sustainable development of Jatropha biodiesel and to assist government agencies in setting realistic objectives and appropriate and advantageous policies for the regions and the country.

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Section: Energy and Carbon Balance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Net Energy, CO2 Emission and Land-Based Cost-Benefit Analyses of Jatropha Biodiesel: A Case Study of the Panzhihua Region of Sichuan Province in China

2012

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“…This database contains one single process for each co-product; the original economic allocation was undone and processes were unified considering mass ratios between co-products. It must be noted that the palm oil extraction yield in the Malaysian process was extremely close to the value reported by Kamahara et al (2010) for Indonesia. All the input production processes (chemicals and energy) were taken from the same database.…”

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confidence: 79%

Contribution to the environmental impact assessment of biodiesel in the context of Spain

Lanzuela¹

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“…The net energy gain (NEG) and NER of bio-diesel and co-products from the life cycle of JCL are 4720 GJ/ha and 6.03, respectively. Wide ranges summarizing energy analysis from published studies for bio-diesel production have been reported by many workers [41,52,68,98] (Table 4).…”

Section: Energy Balancementioning

confidence: 96%

The Environmental Impacts and Allocation Methods Used in LCA Studies of Vegetable Oil-Based Bio-diesels

Chatterjee

Sharma²,

Mukherjee

2015

Waste Biomass Valor

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool to assess the environmental impacts and resources used during the life cycle of a product, i.e., from raw material acquisition, via production and use phases, to waste management. The methods of development in LCA have been strong, and the paper is aimed at providing a review of recent developments of LCA methods employed in the production of biodiesel from various vegetable sources like Jatropha, palm, soybean, sunflower, canola and rapeseed. The essential features of LCA methods like the goal, scope definition and system boundaries have been reviewed and authors have mainly focussed on impact categories on environment and energy. The review also covers impact categories like human health, ecosystem quality and resource depletion. The interpretation of results indicates that the implication of LCA is strong in energy analysis of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and there is less GHG emission in second generation bio-diesel as compared to first generation. Some uncertainties and gaps in the application of LCA are identified and discussed. The uncertainties are mainly due to inconsistent choices across different allocation, system boundaries, time period in impact assessment and scope of the analysis. The uncertainties are dealt by tools like Monte Carlo simulations, fuzzy set theory etc.

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Improvement potential for net energy balance of biodiesel derived from palm oil: A case study from Indonesian practice

Cited by 54 publications

References 33 publications

Net Energy, CO2 Emission and Land-Based Cost-Benefit Analyses of Jatropha Biodiesel: A Case Study of the Panzhihua Region of Sichuan Province in China

Net Energy, CO2 Emission and Land-Based Cost-Benefit Analyses of Jatropha Biodiesel: A Case Study of the Panzhihua Region of Sichuan Province in China

Contribution to the environmental impact assessment of biodiesel in the context of Spain

The Environmental Impacts and Allocation Methods Used in LCA Studies of Vegetable Oil-Based Bio-diesels

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