Improvement on the heat dissipation of permanent magnet synchronous motor using heat pipe

Abstract

A novel permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe for electric vehicle is designed with the aim to reduce the end winding temperature. Software FLUENT is used to simulate the temperature fields. The temperature distribution profile of the winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe is similar to that of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. But the temperature values of the winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe are lower than those of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. The area of the region with relative low temperature at permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe is also larger than at traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. The highest temperature of the winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe is 16.4°C lower than that of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the lamination of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe are all lower than those of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. The temperatures of the two end caps of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe are apparently higher than those of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor since some heat generated at the end winding is transferred to the end cap by the heat pipe. The low temperature area at the middle housing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with heat pipe is larger than that of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor. The temperature discrepancy between the evaporator of the heat pipe and the end winding is about 60°C.

Temperature Field Calculation of the Hybrid Heat Pipe Cooled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles Based on Equivalent Thermal Network Method

“…An additional heat path from the rotor and permanent magnet to the water-cooled hollow shaft of the motor was built using the U-shaped rotating heat pipe installed inside the rotor, so that the large amount of heat generated by the rotor and permanent magnet when the motor is in high-speed operating conditions can be rapidly transferred to the cooling water inside the hollow shaft. The problem of the high average temperature rise of the rotor and permanent magnet, and uneven axial temperature rise, was solved effectively [20]. The additional heat path from the end winding to the motor water-cooled shell was constructed by using the ringshaped fixed heat pipe, so that a large amount of heat generated by the winding can be quickly transferred to the motor-cooling water.…”

Traction Motor Cooling Systems: A Literature Review and Comparative Study

“…An example for cooling the windings by a ceramic direct winding heat exchangers with water/glycol mixture is given by Sixel et al [154]. • Electric traction motor cooling jackets with refrigerant or evaporation cooling [155,156] • Winding cooling by fluid pool boiling [157,158] • Hollow winding conductors with integrated phase-change material [159] • Rotor/stator cooling by heat pipes or pulsating heat pipes [160][161][162][163][164][165] • Rotor/shaft cooling by thermosiphons [151,152] The heat transfer phenomena and design in evaporative cooling concepts are not part of this research. The referenced sources are given for further information.…”

A New Concept of Direct Oil Cooling System for AFPM Machines, Numerical Analysis and Optimization

“…Nowadays, the methods adopted for heat removal are several. There are traditional cooling methods, such as natural convection or surface cooling techniques [4] [5] and forced convection cooling methods, involving the use of external fans or blowers to enhance the airflow and heat transfer within the machine [6] [7]. Moreover, liquid cooling methods, including direct liquid cooling (DLC) and indirect liquid cooling (ILC), have shown significant potential in efficiently managing the heat generated by AFPM machines.…”