Improvement of working but not declarative memory is correlated with HPA normalization during antidepressant treatment

Zobel, Astrid; Schulze-Rauschenbach, Svenja; Widdern, Olrik C von; Metten, Martin; Freymann, Nikolaus; Grasmäder, Katja; Pfeiffer, U.; Schnell, Susanne; Wagner, Michael; Maier, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2003.12.002

Cited by 70 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Zobel et al (2004) report improvements in both working and episodic memory following 4 weeks treatment with citalopram. They suggest that the hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system (implicated in depression), reduction following SSRI treatment correlated with improvements in working, but not episodic memory, suggesting different mechanisms affecting these two memory systems (Zobel et al, 2004). The complex and specific effects of both the psychopathology and its treatment, as well as any possible interactions, are clear and must underlie the contradictory findings to date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of depression (Austin et al, 2001), and there is an evidence of memory dysfunction, including recognition and recall, in depression (Levkovitz et al, 2002), which depends on hippocampal functions (Zobel et al, 2004). Serotonin has also been implicated in memory function (Altman and Mormile, 1988;Sirvio et al, 1994;Buhot, 1997;Riedel et al, 1999;Schmitt et al, 2000;Levkovitz et al, 2002), and the hippocampus is among the regions richest in serotonin receptors (Azmitia and Segal, 1978a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both beneficial (Levkovitz et al, 2002;Harmer et al, 2004;Zobel et al, 2004) and detrimental (Masand and Gupta, 1999;Schmitt et al, 2001;Joss et al, 2003) effects have been reported. In part, this may be due to the differing pharmacological, and hence specific cognitive effects, or individual SSRIs Goodnick and Goldstein, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SSRIs and cognitive performance in a working sample

Wadsworth

Moss

Simpson

et al. 2005

Human Psychopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SSRIs and cognitive performance in a working sample

Wadsworth

Moss

Simpson

et al. 2005

Human Psychopharmacology

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“…In our sample, however, there was a highly significant correlation between HDRS scores and age (p ¼ 0.002), which was stronger than the correlation between HDRS scores and hormonal measures, indicating H Kunugi et al that the observed correlation between HDRS scores and the DEX/CRH test might be explained, at least in part, by the correlation between HDRS scores and age. Zobel et al (2004) recently reported that a decrease in cortisol response to the DEX/CRH test was more closely related to an improvement in specific brain functions (especially working memory) than to the global severity of depression.…”

Section: Clinical Variables and Dex/crh Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Dexamethasone/CRH Test as a State-Dependent Marker for Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Abnormalities in Major Depressive Episode: A Multicenter Study

Kunugi

Ida

Owashi

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

188

108

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There is compelling evidence for the involvement of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis abnormalities in depression. Growing evidence has suggested that the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test is highly sensitive to detect HPA axis abnormalities. We organized a multicenter study to assess the DEX/CRH test as a state-dependent marker for major depressive episode in the Japanese population. We conducted the DEX/CRH test in 61 inpatients with major depressive episode (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV)) and 57 healthy subjects. In all, 35 patients were repeatedly assessed with the DEX/CRH test on admission and before discharge. The possible relationships between clinical variables and the DEX/ CRH test were also examined. Significantly enhanced pituitary-adrenocortical responses to the DEX/CRH test were observed in patients on admission compared with controls. Such abnormalities in patients were significantly reduced after treatment, particularly in those who underwent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in addition to pharmacotherapy. Age and female gender were associated with enhanced hormonal responses to the DEX/CRH test. Severity of depression correlated with DEX/CRH test results, although this was explained, at least in part, by a positive correlation between age and severity in our patients. Medication per se was unrelated to DEX/CRH test results. These results suggest that the DEX/CRH test is a sensitive state-dependent marker to monitor HPA axis abnormalities in major depressive episode during treatment. Restoration from HPA axis abnormalities occurred with clinical responses to treatment, particularly in depressed patients who underwent ECT.

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“…Such manifestations tend to reflect impaired retrieval skills as well as slowed cognitive processing, impaired attention, and higher-order/abstract reasoning (Noggle, 2006). It has also been proposed that, as depressive symptoms are relieved, concurrent improvements in cognition may be seen as well (Harmer, Shelley, Cowen, & Goodwin, 2004;Zobel, Schulse-Rauschenbach, & von Widdern, 2004). This has led to the cognitive impairment associated with depression being viewed as one form of reversible dementia.…”

Section: Ssris and Snrismentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and impact of antidepressants in the school setting

Noggle

Dean

2009

Psychology in the Schools

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Depression-based presentations constitute some of the most commonly seen psychiatric manifestations within the school-age population. In conjunction with increased numbers of children and adolescents being diagnosed with depressive symptomology over the past 2 -3 decades, there has been seen a concurrent increase in the amount of antidepressant agents being prescribed within this group. This increase is largely related to the development of the newer class antidepressants, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, which have demonstrated preferred efficacy and adverse effect profiles over the older monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclics. This article discusses the primary differences between the various forms of antidepressants, including their utility and efficacy. Positive and negative impacts are also reviewed, including potential impact on schooling. C 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Improvement of working but not declarative memory is correlated with HPA normalization during antidepressant treatment

Cited by 70 publications

References 25 publications

SSRIs and cognitive performance in a working sample

SSRIs and cognitive performance in a working sample

Assessment of the Dexamethasone/CRH Test as a State-Dependent Marker for Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Abnormalities in Major Depressive Episode: A Multicenter Study

Use and impact of antidepressants in the school setting

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