Improvement of Warm-Mix Asphalt Concrete Performance with Lignin Obtained from Bioethanol Production from Forest Biomass Waste

Abstract

This study aims to assess the effect of adding lignin waste, a by-product of bioethanol production from forest biomass, to asphalt concrete to improve its performance. After adjusting the lignin content based on preliminary Marshall tests, 20% of this by-product by mass of bitumen was added to the asphalt concrete blends via the dry method. This lignin content was suitable to the temperature was decreased 40 °C compared to the usual mixing temperature, thus allowing the production of warm-mix asphalt concrete (WMA) without any other additive. Tests on a gyratory compactor assessed the workability of the studied asphalt concrete, allowing us to obtain these findings. Moreover, lignin improved moisture damage and adhesion resistance between the binder film and the aggregate particles’ surface. The behaviour at high temperatures was also enhanced, resulting in better resistance to permanent deformation. These promising laboratory results show us an opportunity to create value for this type of by-product in substituting commercial additives for asphalt concrete, such as organic wax or adhesion promoters, to allow the production of warm-mix asphalt concrete with improved properties.