Improvement of Verticillium Wilt Resistance by Applying Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to a Cotton Variety with High Symbiotic Efficiency under Field Conditions

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in nutrient cycling processes and plant stress resistance. To evaluate the effect of Rhizophagus irregularis CD1 on plant growth promotion (PGP) and Verticillium wilt disease, the symbiotic efficiency of AMF (SEA) was first investigated over a range of 3% to 94% in 17 cotton varieties. The high-SEA subgroup had significant PGP effects in a greenhouse. From these results, the highest-SEA variety of Lumian 1 was selected for a two-year field assay. Consistent with the performance from the greenhouse, the AMF-mediated PGP of Lumian 1 also produced significant results, including an increased plant height, stem diameter, number of petioles, and phosphorus content. Compared with the mock treatment, AMF colonization obviously inhibited the symptom development of Verticillium dahliae and more strongly elevated the expression of pathogenesis-related genes and lignin synthesis-related genes. These results suggest that AMF colonization could lead to the mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR) of Lumian 1 to V. dahliae. Interestingly, our results indicated that the AMF endosymbiont could directly inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi including V. dahliae by releasing undefined volatiles. In summary, our results suggest that stronger effects of AMF application result from the high-SEA.

Mechanism of application nursery cultivation arbuscular mycorrhizal seedling in watermelon in the field

“…AMF diversity and colonisation reduced with increases the years of conventional fertilisation, which decreased both the P absorption and the disease resistance of plants in the field (Lin et al, ). AM colonised seedlings of strawberry and cotton can bring AMF into the field and take physiological functions in the field (Stewart et al, ; Zhang et al, ). In this study, nursery cultivating watermelon seedlings with AMF was found maintaining high levels of AMF colonisation and enhancing AMF spore density in rhizosphere soil in the field.…”

Plant–Microbe Interaction 2017—The Good, the Bad and the Diverse

“…Zhang et al studied the positive role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis CD1 on plant growth promotion and the Verticillium wilt resistance of cotton [ 5 ]. They determined the symbiotic efficiency of 17 cotton varieties to R. irregularis .…”

“…Presence of the mycorrhizal fungus significantly increased plant growth and plant disease resistance against Verticillium dahliae wilt. While the negative effect on V. dahliae colonization could be due to mycorrhiza-induced resistance, the authors show that growth of R. irregularis may directly inhibit growth of V. dahliae by releasing as yet unknown volatiles [ 5 ].…”

Comparative Analysis of Temporal Transcriptome Reveals the Relationship Between Pectin Degradation and Pathogenicity of Defoliating Verticillium Dahliae to Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum)

“…Conventional management for cotton VW disease is an integrated approach that includes planting resistant cultivars, extending cultural practices [3] , managing water and fertilizer [9] , and biocontrol with fungicidal bacteria [10] . Among these, breeding resistant varieties is considered the most effective and economical approach to controlling this disease.…”