Improvement of thermal comfort indices in agroforestry systems in the southern Brazilian Amazon

Magalhães, C. A. S.; Zolin, Cornélio Alberto; Lulu, Jorge; Lopes, Luciano Bastos; Furtini, Isabela Volpi; Vendrusculo, Laurimar Gonçalves; Zaiatz, Ana Paula Sousa Rodrigues; Pedreira, B. C. e; Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102636

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A integração de árvores, que possuem grandes áreas de copas, à pastagem, modifica o microclima, garantindo assim temperaturas mais amenas que favorecem o conforto térmico animal (Magalhães et al, 2020). Observa-se que a projeção de copa reflete diretamente na disponibilidade de sombra, sendo este um fator de grande importância para estudos que abrangem a interação animal no sistema.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Variáveis morfométricas de quatro espécies florestais em sistema silvipastoril no município de Belterra, Pará

Baloneque

Pauletto

Lopes

et al. 2022

RSD

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Os estudos de morfometria de árvores buscam transmitir uma ideia das relações interdimensionais, reconstituir o espaço ocupado pelas árvores, julgar o grau de concorrência do povoamento, além de inferências sobre estabilidade, vitalidade e produtividade de cada indivíduo. Neste âmbito, julga-se necessário a promoção de estudos em sistemas agroflorestais que visam a integração entre espécies arbóreas, espécies forrageiras e animais com a finalidade de auferir produtos ou serviços destes componentes. Neste trabalho foram avaliados 200 indivíduos, divididos entre 4 espécies florestais de grande relevância no mercado, implantados em sistema silvipastoril no município de Belterra, Pará. O cumaru (Dypteryx sp) foi plantado em fileiras duplas (10 x10 m), o mogno-africano (Khaya sp) em fileiras duplas (10x10 m) e simples (10 metros entre plantas), a teca (Tectona grandis) em fileiras triplas (7x7 m) e a andiroba (Carapa guianensis) disposta em fileiras quíntuplas de 7x7 m. Dentre os parâmetros avaliados, foi calculado o incremento médio anual, tanto para altura quanto para diâmetro. O mogno apresentou resultados superiores para Altura Total, em 14,8 % para a andiroba, 38,4 % em relação à teca e para o cumaru 21,2%. Notou-se diferença entre os valores de inserção de copa e altura comercial que variaram, para todas as espécies estudadas, de 3,8 a 55,2 %, o que justifica a coleta destas variáveis separadamente. O mogno foi a espécie que apresentou melhores resultados tanto de povoamento quanto morfométricos. Constatou-se a tendência de indivíduos de estratos inferiores promoverem desenvolvimento em diâmetro de copa mais acentuado quando comparado às demais variáveis.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Variáveis morfométricas de quatro espécies florestais em sistema silvipastoril no município de Belterra, Pará

Baloneque

Pauletto

Lopes

et al. 2022

RSD

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“…The presence of tree shade provided a reduction in DGHI indices, similar to what was observed by Magalhães et al ( 38 ). However, even when there is no shading, the tree component is capable of altering the microclimate of the environment under the tree canopy ( 39 – 42 ). In this sense, the present work demonstrates that it is necessary to provide strategies to improve environmental conditions, because even in the wettest period, thermal stress can occur in animals, as observed in other studies ( 37 , 40 , 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and thermal comfort of light and dark coat dairy cows in the Eastern Amazon

Silva

Santos

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This study aimed to evaluate the behavior and thermal comfort of 20 Girolando cows (5/8-H/G), with light and dark coats, in the wettest period of the year, in Santarém, Pará, Brazil, in pasture with access to shade, and plenty of drinking water and mineral salt. Animal behavior categories were computed for 12 h a day, on 3 days in a row, by trained observers. Three day shifts were considered: Morning (6:00 a.m. to 9:55 a.m.), Intermediate (10:00 a.m. to 01:55 p.m.) and Afternoon (2:00 p.m. to 05:55 p.m.). The Temperature Index (TI), the Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) and the Comfort Index (CI) were calculated to measure thermal comfort. At all times studied, BGHI pointed that the environment was outside the thermal comfort zone. Dark-coated animals spent more 34.26% of the time in activities in the shade. The light-coated animals remained more 11.88% of the time in the sun, performing their natural behaviors. Both light and dark coat animals remained more 77 and 74.44% of the time in the sun, respectively. The behavior “in the sun while grazing” was the most evident, in both coats, in the studied shifts. The behaviors “in the shade while walking” and “in the shade while standing idle” were more evident (p < 0.01) in dark-coated cattle. The grazing behavior was higher in animals with dark coat (p < 0.05). In all evaluated shifts, there was a positive correlation between the behavior “in the sun while grazing” with the CI (r = 0.44211; p < 0.0305). Behaviors performed in the shade, such as “idleness while lying down,” “ruminating while lying down and standing up,” and behaviors “in the sun,” “idleness while lying down” and “ruminating while lying down,” were negatively correlated with CI. It is concluded that, even in the wettest period of the year, in the Eastern Amazon, Girolando dairy cows are exposed to hot environments, which causes thermal discomfort and changes in their natural behavior, as they spend more time standing in shaded areas, usually in rumination. Also, light-coated cows spend more time in the sun, while dark-coated cows spend more time in the shade. Thus, light-coated cows tend to have health and zootechnical performance negatively affected.

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“…However, a disadvantage is that it only considers these two variables (Sejian et al ., 2018). When assessing the thermal comfort of animals raised on pasture, solar radiation must be considered, as it is one of the main environmental factors that trigger thermal stress (Magalhães et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of environmental factors potentially motivating for dairy cows to access shade

Deniz

Sousa

Gomes

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Research

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The aim of this Research Communication was to apply the data mining technique to classify which environmental factors have the potential to motivate dairy cows to access natural shade. We defined two different areas at the silvopastoral system: shaded and sunny. Environmental factors and the frequency that dairy cows used each area were measured during four days, for 8 h each day. The shaded areas were the most used by dairy cows and presented the lowest mean values of all environmental factors. Solar radiation was the environmental factor with most potential to classify the dairy cow's decision to access shaded areas. Data mining is a machine learning technique with great potential to characterize the influence of the thermal environment in the cows' decision at the pasture.

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Improvement of thermal comfort indices in agroforestry systems in the southern Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Variáveis morfométricas de quatro espécies florestais em sistema silvipastoril no município de Belterra, Pará

Variáveis morfométricas de quatro espécies florestais em sistema silvipastoril no município de Belterra, Pará

Behavior and thermal comfort of light and dark coat dairy cows in the Eastern Amazon

Classification of environmental factors potentially motivating for dairy cows to access shade

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