Improvement of the Structural Layout of Potato Planters’ Coulter Group

Abstract

Structural layouts of coulters and their groups in potato planters are justified in the article based on the morphological features of the potato plant, its requirements for growing conditions and ensuring the quality of the planting process. The purpose of coulter groups is to form a bed for placing tubers with a loose layer of soil in 5-8 cm and sealing them with loosened soil to a certain depth. To substantiate the type of potato planter coulters that meet the requirements for potato growing conditions to the maximum extent possible, optimize the parameters of coulter groups that automatically ensure the stability of the coulter travel depth when imitating irregularities of the field microrelief. A comparative analysis of the impact on the soil of the most common anchor coulters with a blunt angle of soil entry and a sharp angle with an individual floating suspension is given, and indicators of the quality of their operation are described. It was found that coulters with an individual floating suspension and an acute angle of soil entry meet the requirements for potato growing conditions to the maximum extent possible. In order to ensure travel stabilization of such a coulter at a given depth when imitating field irregularities, a version of the coulter group has been developed that provides automatic correction of the coulter's angle of attack when changing its travel depth. Experimental studies have optimized the parameters of the coulter suspension that ensure automatic imitation of field microrelief irregularities up to 20 cm deep within the initial requirements for potato planting machines. Coulters with an individual floating suspension and a sharp angle of soil entry most fully meet the requirements for potato growing conditions to the maximum extent possible. A coulter group with a suspension aspect ratio of 150:200:400:400 cm and an acute angle of coulter entry into the soil provides automatic maintenance of the set coulter travel depth within the initial requirements (±2 cm) for irregularities in the field microrelief of up to 200 mm. In this case, the bottom and walls of the furrow are not compacted.

Providing the Rationale for Parameters of the Working Parts of the Carrot Digger Elevator, in the Context of Uzbekistan

“…Тадқиқотлар натижасида аниқланган V агр =1,0 м/с, V э =1,2 м/с ва қабул қилинган R p =0,095 м, V р =2,5 м/с ва h n =0,16 м қийматларни (2) формулага қўйиб, Н в ≥ 0,20 м га тенг эканлигини аниқлаймиз [10][11][12][13][14] .…”

“…V агр =1,0 м/с, V э =1,2 м/с қийматларни формула(10)га қўямиз[10][11][12][13][14].R p =0,095 м, V р =2,5 м/с ва h n =0,16 м қийматларни қабул қиламиз.Натижада V абс = 2,3 м/с қийматга эга бўламиз.Хулоса Панжарали юмшаткичлар сабзи илдизмеваларининг йўқотишлар ва шикастланишларсиз тупроқ палахсасининг интенсив равишда элакланишини таъминлайди. Сабзи ковлагичнинг тупроқ массасини самарали элаклаш имконини берувчи қуйидаги рационал параметрларини аниқладик: панжарали юмшаткич радиуси -0,095 м, юмшаткич валининг жойлашиш баландлиги -20 см, юмшаткич паррагининг тупроққа ботиш чуқурлиги -6 см, панжарали юмшаткич эни -47 см, панжарали юмшаткичнинг айланиш тезлиги -2,5 м/с, интенсив элаклашни таъминловчи кинематик режим -2,5, паррак ихтиёрий нуқтасининг ҳаракатланишини абсолют тезлиги -2,3 м/с.…”