Improvement of the impact and crack resistance of epoxy thermosets and thermoset-based composites with the use of thermoplastics as modifiers

Lobanov, Maxim V.; Gulyaev, A. I.; Babin, A. N.

doi:10.1134/s1560090416010048

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…19,20 Polyetherimide (PEI) is one of the most effective modifiers and has been widely used as the modifier of epoxy resin. 21 Cho et al 9 studied on PEI-modified tetrafunctional epoxy resin. The co-continuous structure and phase-inversed morphology were obtained and controlled by curing conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tertiary polysiloxane on the phase separation and properties of epoxy/PEI blend

Zhen

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Epoxy functional siloxane (DMS‐E09) was blended with epoxy resin (DGEBA) and thermoplastic polyetherimide (PEI). The results of morphology monitoring indicated that the reaction induced phase separation for all blends followed the spinodal phase separation mechanism. The microstructure changed from co‐continuous of 25 wt% epoxy/PEI system to phase‐inversion structure of 30 wt% epoxy/PEI system regardless of the content of the tertiary component DMS‐E09. By comparing the onset time of phase separation between the two designated systems, the sequential occurrence of primary macrophase separation in co‐continuous phase and secondary microphase separation in PEI‐rich phase for 25 wt% epoxy/PEI system was identified. Studies of the thermomechanical properties of the DGEBA/PEI/DMS‐E09 blends found that storage modulus increased with the addition of PEI but decreased with DMS‐E09 monotonically. The value of Tg decreased with the addition of the tertiary DMS‐E09 but was offset partially by the presence of PEI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tertiary polysiloxane on the phase separation and properties of epoxy/PEI blend

Zhen

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…However, epoxies with high crosslink densities are usually brittle, which limits their applications. Due to the high glass‐transition temperatures and good mechanical performance, the high‐performance thermoplastic polymers (TPs), such as polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyetherimide (PEI) are usually incorporated to enhance or balance the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxies . In most cases, the epoxy/TP blends is homogeneous initially and phase separation takes place at a given reaction conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology, morphological evolution, thermal, and mechanical properties of epoxy modified with polysulfone and cellulose nanofibers

Zhang

Ling

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, the epoxy systems modified with polysulfone (PSF) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) cured at different temperatures are prepared to investigate the effect of CNF on curing reaction, morphology evolution, rheology, thermal, and mechanical performance of composites. The reaction rate is increased and the activation energy is decreased with CNF incorporation, implying an accelerating effect of CNF on the epoxy-amine reaction. The phase separation and gelation of the epoxy/PSF/CNF system start earlier compared with the binary system of epoxy/PSF. While it is displayed by rheology that both the system viscosity and relaxation time are elevated with CNF, presenting an inhibiting effect on phase evolution. Morphologies with smaller domain size are finally freezed by the epoxy gelation. The enhancement of impact performance for the epoxy/PSF/CNF composites is indicated by 40.2% increase in the impact strength, which is attributed to the finer phase-separated morphology, the uniformly distributed CNF within the polymer matrix and the good load transfer between phases. In addition, the thermal stability of composites is improved as the CNFs existed in the phase-separated polymer matrix can restrict the thermal motion of molecules during decomposition process.

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“…9−14 These fillers act as the dispersed phase to absorb energy and terminate the crack propagation by bonding with the resin matrix, thereby toughening and reinforcing the epoxy. 5−17…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Coumarin-Derived Network as a Toughening Structure for Petroleum-Based Epoxy Resins

Cai

Qiao

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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A double-network strategy to toughen epoxy resin system is presented herein. Dihydrocoumarin (DHC), a hexatomic compound extracted from tonka bean, is used as the building block for the construction of the first network, and the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy matrix is used as the second network. The resultant double network demonstrates a single glass transition and good compatibility between these two networks. Owing to the firm interfacial adhesion between networks and the effective stress transfer as well as external energy absorption derived from the DHC-based network, the double-network-based epoxy resin shows a significant toughness improvement without trade-offs in the tensile strength and elongation at break. The finding in this study provides a promising way to overcome the intrinsic brittleness of commercial epoxy resin via the utilization of renewable DHC for the construction of a novel double network.

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Improvement of the impact and crack resistance of epoxy thermosets and thermoset-based composites with the use of thermoplastics as modifiers

Cited by 23 publications

References 88 publications

Effect of tertiary polysiloxane on the phase separation and properties of epoxy/PEI blend

Effect of tertiary polysiloxane on the phase separation and properties of epoxy/PEI blend

Rheology, morphological evolution, thermal, and mechanical properties of epoxy modified with polysulfone and cellulose nanofibers

Renewable Coumarin-Derived Network as a Toughening Structure for Petroleum-Based Epoxy Resins

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