Improvement of the characterization of the proton source for the European Spallation Source by means of optical emission spectroscopy

Mazzaglia, M.; Castro, G.; Celona, L.; Neri, L.; Torrisi, G.; Gammino, S.; Reitano, R.; Naselli, E.

doi:10.1103/physrevaccelbeams.22.053401

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…It is reasonable that the real confinementτ time is included in the rangeτ theor1 The good agreement between the results obtained by the two different approaches supports the value of confinement time estimated by the semiempirical approach.τ H þ increases slightly from ∼10 μs at 180 W to ∼30 þ35 −15 μs at 800 W. The percentage error increases also with microwave power, and it is of the order of 100% at 600 and 800 W. As in the case of the extracted current, the error is caused by the error in the evaluation of the electron temperature by OES [26].…”

Section: Stagesupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Further improvements can be obtained by including experimental neutral and ion temperature within the input parameter set. Measurements of T n and T i can be performed by OES by using a spectrometer with a FWHM of the order of 10 pm [11] (PS-ESS measurements were carried out with a 1 nm FWHM spectrometer [26]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In real experiments, this measurement cannot be performed because of mechanical constraints. In the case of the PS-ESS test bench [26], OES plasma parameters have been evaluated by means of an opportune optical fiber connection to the gas input. This has implied a determination of plasma parameters from an oblique cone of view intercepting the extraction hole, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Assumptions Concerning Plasma Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The statistical error in the minimization procedure allows one to evaluate the plasma parameter error (see Ref. [26] for further information).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semiempirical zero-dimensional approach for the estimation of beam features from plasma parameters in proton sources

Castro

2020

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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Beam intensity, proton fraction, and beam emittance represent the most important characteristics of a beam extracted by a proton source. Beam parameters are strongly related to the parameters of the plasma from which the beam is extracted. The recent improvement of plasma diagnostics devoted to compact ion sources, and, in particular, the development of optical emission spectroscopy, allows an ever more reliable measurement of plasma parameters, also during source operations. In this paper, a zero-dimensional approach able to estimate the beam intensity and the ion fraction from plasma parameters in a proton source is introduced. The model is based on a simplified solution of the balance equation system in a hydrogen plasma achieved by including the electron density, the electron temperature, and the relative neutral abundance ratio H=H 2 within the equations. This approach permits one to reduce the balance equation system to four equations in four unknowns, namely, the H þ , H þ 2 , and H þ 3 density and the confinement time. The balance equation system is solved by means of a homemade numerical code. The model has been applied to the beam generated by the Proton Source for the European Spallation Source (PS-ESS), during its commissioning at Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud in Catania. The extracted current and ion fraction estimated by this approach have been compared with the experimental results obtained by the PS-ESS beam diagnostics. The proton confinement time estimated by this approach has been compared with the results of a theoretical model based on a diffusion model. The comparison demonstrates that the model has achieved a surprising capability of estimation. The paper discusses the main characteristics of the zero-dimensional approach together with its main advantages and limits. The perspectives for further improvement of the model are also discussed.

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Section: Stagesupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Assumptions Concerning Plasma Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The statistical error in the minimization procedure allows one to evaluate the plasma parameter error (see Ref. [26] for further information).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semiempirical zero-dimensional approach for the estimation of beam features from plasma parameters in proton sources

Castro

2020

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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“…OES [8] has already demonstrated to be a reliable tool to investigate plasma parameters of a Hydrogen plasma discharge in a non-invasive way [9]. Moreover, opportune 0-dimensional model can be used to relate plasma parameters to beam parameters [10].…”

Section: Experimental Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AISHa ion source at INFN-LNS

Castro

Celona

Chines

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The Advanced Ion Source for Hadrontherapy (AISHa) is an ECR ion source operating at 18 GHz, developed with the aim of producing high intensity and low emittance highly charged ion beams for hadrontherapy purposes. Due to its unique peculiarities, AISHa is a suitable choice for industrial and scientific applications. In the framework of the INSpIRIT and IRPT projects, in collaboration with Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), new candidates for cancer treatment (including metal ion beams) are being developed. Moreover, within the IONS experiment, AISHa will be the test-bench for the development of an innovative active plasma chamber designed to increase plasma confinement by changing plasma fluxes. OES technique will be also used to refine techniques of non-invasive plasma diagnostics. Finally, a dedicated setup is under realization to provide impinging beams and detection systems for target production in nuclear physics experiments.

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A global model of 2.45 GHz ECR ion sources for high intensity H+, H2+ and H3+ beams

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2020

Vacuum

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Improvement of the characterization of the proton source for the European Spallation Source by means of optical emission spectroscopy

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Semiempirical zero-dimensional approach for the estimation of beam features from plasma parameters in proton sources

Semiempirical zero-dimensional approach for the estimation of beam features from plasma parameters in proton sources

The AISHa ion source at INFN-LNS

A global model of 2.45 GHz ECR ion sources for high intensity H+, H2+ and H3+ beams

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