Improvement of Small-Seeded Race Mesoamerica Cultivars

Singh, Shree P.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9211-6_10

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…1,[11][12][13] The pathogen has also been reported in Algeria, Asia, Australia, Egypt, Europe, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, New Zealand, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda and Zimbabwe. 14,15 Although Melis 16 reported the incidence of BBS as being 'only occasional' in South Africa, the disease was first described in 1994 17 when 100% incidence on the cultivar Bonus was recorded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and severity of bacterial brown spot on dry beans in South Africa: An update

Muedi¹,

Fourie²,

McLaren³

2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Bacterial brown spot (BBS) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a seed-borne bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss). Dry bean is an important field crop in South Africa and all commercially available South African dry bean cultivars are susceptible to BBS. The aim of this study was to determine the current distribution and severity of BBS in the dry bean production areas of South Africa. We surveyed 31 locations in five provinces. Disease severity was evaluated on selected plots on a 0–9 scale in four different farming systems: commercial and subsistence farms and strip and national cultivar trials. Leaves with typical BBS symptoms were harvested and transferred to the laboratory. Bacteria were isolated following standard procedure using King’s B medium. Identification of pure isolates was done using physiological and biochemical techniques. Incidence and severity values were used to calculate a disease index. BBS was observed in 88% of locations. BBS incidence was recorded in 54% to 100% of all the farming systems surveyed during the 2008/2009 and 2010/2011 seasons combined. BBS was more severe in the strip and national cultivar trials than on subsistence and commercial farms during the 2008/2009 season and more severe on the commercial farm and in national cultivar trials than on subsistence farms and strip trials during the 2010/2011 season. Findings of this study signal the importance of developing BBS-resistant dry bean cultivars for South Africa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and severity of bacterial brown spot on dry beans in South Africa: An update

Muedi¹,

Fourie²,

McLaren³

2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…In contrast to morphological traits, molecular markers can reveal differences among genotypes at the DNA level, providing a more direct, reliable and efficient tool for germplasm characterization, conservation and management. Several types of molecular markers are available; including those based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP,) (Botstein et al, 1980), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD,) (Welsh and McClelland, 1990;Williams et al, 1990), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP,) (Vos et al, 1995) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs,) (Singh, 1999). It is particularly useful for characterizing individual genotypes and selection of the parents for successful hybridization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite DNA marker aided diversity analysis in frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.)

Nishimwe¹,

M²,

Hegde³

et al. 2015

Legu. Rese. - An Inter. Jour.

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Sixty four french bean genotypes were analyzed with 15 microsatellite markers to test variation. Among the total 15 SSR primers used, 10 primers were polymorphic and 5 were monomorphic. Of the 15 SSR primers used, 10 primer pairs showed polymorphism. The number of alleles produced by different primers ranged from two to four. The high level of polymorphism (66.66%) was obtained. The cluster construction based on SSR marker data revealed significant genetic variation among the genotypes. SSR marker system showed high dissimilarity among the french bean genotypes. Cluster diagram constructed using polymorphic markers identified two major clusters. All exotic collections, landraces, local types and released varieties were grouped in same cluster with some indigenous collection, whereas cluster A comprised only of indigenous collection.

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“…A narrow genetic base exists for common bean cultivars within the market class in Ethiopia which can be improved by introgression of favorable alleles for resistance to abiotic stresses [17] [18]. The information on cold tolerant common bean genotypes in Ethiopia is inadequate due to lack of research effort in this area and the existing varieties are susceptible to temperatures below 15˚C [19]- [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Bean Germplasm Diversity Study for Cold Tolerance in Ethiopia

Assefa¹,

Shimelis²,

Punnuri³

et al. 2014

AJPS

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Limited tolerance of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to cold temperatures hinders an additional harvest during the small rainy season crop cycle (February to May) in the Ethiopian highlands that comprise two-thirds of the country. Therefore, identification of cold tolerant common bean genotypes is of paramount importance for the region. Field screening of 99 common bean genotypes originally procured from CIAT (International Center for Tropical Agriculture) was carried out for nine different plant traits associated with crop growth and yield at two locations differing in climates: Dire Dawa-higher daily maximum and minimum temperatures and absence of near zero chilling temperatures from February to May; Haramaya-lower daily maximum and minimum temperatures and occasionally near zero chilling temperatures during this period. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the existence of significant variation among genotypes for the parameters measured. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out to assess the variation and correlation among genotypes for the traits and group them based on their performance at the two locations. The combination of first three principal components explained more than 50% of the genotypic variations. Principal component analysis was also able to discriminate the performance of genotypes between the two locations. It was grouped into at least 17 genotypes that were specific to Haramaya highland location. The results also revealed significant variation in performance among the 17 genotypes. These genotypes are specific to Ethiopian highlands and prominent resources for in-situ conservation of germplasms.

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Improvement of Small-Seeded Race Mesoamerica Cultivars

Cited by 25 publications

References 49 publications

Distribution and severity of bacterial brown spot on dry beans in South Africa: An update

Distribution and severity of bacterial brown spot on dry beans in South Africa: An update

Microsatellite DNA marker aided diversity analysis in frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.)

Common Bean Germplasm Diversity Study for Cold Tolerance in Ethiopia

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