Improvement of Quality of Life With Supervised Exercise Training in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

lower for the intervention than for the control group. Although this difference was not statistically significant, it corresponds with an estimated 0.4 life-years gained. From the British Doctors study 1 it is possible to estimate that an intervention that yielded an increased cessation rate at the 12-month follow-up of 30% (39% vs 9%) in smokers with the age distribution represented in this study would be expected to yield approximately 0.8 lifeyears. 9 The Table also shows lower hazard ratios for many specific causes of death in the intervention group compared with the control group, though none were statistically significant at conventional levels. As might be expected, the largest putative effect size was for lung cancer. Comment. Although this study had low power to detect a long-term effect on mortality of the size predicted from the British Doctors study, 1 to our knowledge, these data provide the best estimate of such an intervention to date. This estimated gain of 0.4 lifeyears was approximately half what might be expected from the British Doctors cohort study. 1 In addition to the low sample size, several factors may have militated against showing an effect of the kind predicted. First, there was no biochemical verification of abstinence, so at least some of the "effect" may have resulted from misreporting by smokers in the intervention group who did not want to admit that they were not able to stop. 10 Second, brief advice without pharmacological support tends to lead to cessation in lighter, less nicotinedependent smokers, with heavier smokers requiring more support. 11 These light smokers would have been exposed to less-than-average risk from their smoking.

Volume-dependent effect of supervised exercise training on fatty liver and visceral adiposity index in subjects with type 2 diabetes The Italian Diabetes Exercise Study (IDES)

“…The main analyses on the primary and secondary endpoints, i.e. changes in hemoglobin (Hb) A 1c and other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, physical fitness, and quality of life, have been reported elsewhere [19,22,24,25]. …”

Changes in Physical Fitness Predict Improvements in Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors Independently of Body Weight Loss in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Participating in the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)

“…Secondary outcomes included improvements in other modifiable CVD risk factors, change in the number and/or dosage of glucose-, lipid-, and BP-lowering drugs, UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) global CHD 10-year risk scores, health-related quality-of-life, and the relationship between changes in physical fitness and modifiable CVD risk factors. Results of this trial have been reported elsewhere (8,9), except those concerning the relation of physical fitness with modifiable CVD risk factors.…”

“…In addition, physical and mental health–related quality-of-life improved significantly with supervised exercise, but not with counseling alone (9). The incremental health benefits of supervised exercise beyond those of counseling alone were associated with a higher volume of PA, both total and unsupervised, and more marked improvements in physical fitness (8).…”

Effects of exercise training on quality of life, symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety and emotional well-being in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

“…Overall, 1,261 articles were retrieved from electronic databases and manual searches, 161 articles were included based on review of the title, 33 based on review of the abstract, and 20 [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] based on review of the full text article (ESM Fig. 1).…”