Improvement of microstrip patch antenna gain and bandwidth at 60 GHz and X bands for wireless applications

Abstract

A method has been proposed to simultaneously enhance the gain (14 dB), bandwidth (BW) (12.84% of the operating central frequency) and efficiency (94%) of a microstrip patch antenna. The antennas have been designed based on the patch size improvement technique to improve the fabrication tolerance. The designed prototypes have been fabricated by conventional low cost printed circuit board etching method and tested at X‐band (8–12 GHz) and 60 GHz band (57–66 GHz) frequencies. Antennas’ overall performance is maintained across their operating frequency range. The tested antennas for 60 GHz band convince the requirements for multi‐gigabits/s data rate wireless local area network and wireless personal area network applications recommended by IEEE 802.11ad and IEEE 802.15.3c standards. In all cases the simulation and the measured results are in good agreement.

A Low Profile Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Body-Centric Applications

“…Most importantly, the proposed design works excellently in body-mounted configurations. Though, the gain and efficiency values in off-body (fee space) conditions are not the highest, they are greater than [21]- [23] and [25]. This comparison clearly shows the advantages of the proposed antenna for wearable applications at 60 GHz.…”

“…Furthermore, the presented antenna employs a simple geometry with ease of fabrication through traditional low cost techniques and attains a size smaller than most of the reported designs except [24] and [25]. Most importantly, the proposed design works excellently in body-mounted configurations.…”

“…Lu et al have used three-stage ladder-shaped directors to enhance the directivity by 2.4-3.1 dB and bandwidth by 30% of a four-arm quasi-Yagi antenna [24]. A horizontally aligned H-shaped microstrip patch antenna fed by a microstrip line for 60 GHz operation is discussed in [25] [26]. The antenna is fed using a feed network based on two differential striplines connecting the probe pads with two differential ports.…”

Ultra-Wide Patch Antenna Array Design at 60 GHz Band for Remote Vital Sign Monitoring with Doppler Radar Principle

“…Some distortions in the antennas FFP in Figs. 6 and 7 can be observed which are due to the reflections from the surroundings and test fixtures [40]. It can Table 2 where it is obvious that gain of the arrays has significantly improved when more patch elements have used but the BW has reduced.…”

Three‐layered circular patch antennas array with UC‐PBG for wider bandwidth and surface wave propagation mode attenuation at X‐band

“…One of the reasons in the design of patch antennas is the increase of the demand for higher data rates and resolution that several standards have imposed. The solution that is being used to satisfy such demand is the migration to the X‐band, since it provides many of the needs that are now required. In this band, the propagation of the electromagnetic waves presents a strong attenuation, due to the atmospheric conditions, and therefore, the radiocommunications links are deteriorated.…”