Improvement of Method to Estimate Guidance by Pharmacists and Trial to Obtain Standard Pharmaceutical Management and Guidance Services Program

Abstract

The level of understanding of taking medicine was examined at the start and the end of medicine-taking guidance, based on the estimation by pharmacists and inpatients. Six items for the estimation, such as``the way of taking medicines'' were evaluated using aˆve-grade system. The signiˆcant improvement was observed in all items, suggesting that inpatients' understanding is improved by the guidance. A markedly positive correlation was found between the estimation by inpatients and that by pharmacists ( p＜0.001). This conˆrms the appropriateness of estimation by pharmacists. Inpatients whose estimation was signiˆcantly diŠerent from that by pharmacists (diŠerence of two grades or more) were examined to identify clear and potential problems with taking medicine. The problems were classiˆed into such seven categories as``types of medicine''. For each item with diŠerences in estimation (two grades or more), problems were biased in some speciˆc categories. On the basis of such a bias, a ‰ow chart was prepared to clarify problems. In addition, a standard pharmaceutical management and guidance services program was drafted, in which measures in observation, treatment and education against problems by pharmacists were described according to the frequency of occurrence. Information about the program available on the Internet enables its use by other hospitals.

Impact of interventions by a community pharmacist on care burden for people with dementia: development and randomized feasibility trial of an intervention protocol

“…Next, pharmacists used the ‘Grasp problems sheet’ shown in Additional file 1 : Appendix 3 to counsel the primary caregivers and assess any medication-related problems. Based on previous studies [ 31 , 32 ], this sheet consisted of questions addressing the caregiver’s awareness about the medication (6 items), collaboration with healthcare providers regarding medication (3 items), motivation to access and utilize information regarding medication (5 items), and agreement with patient taking medications and their fit with the patient’s lifestyle (3 items). The aim was to identify and assess issues by setting assessment criteria for each question (Additional file 1 : Appendix 3).…”

Impact of Interventions by a Community Pharmacist on Care Burden for People with Dementia: Development and Randomised Feasibility Trial of an Intervention Protocol

“…Next, pharmacists used the 'Grasp problems sheet' shown in Appendix 3 to interview the primary caregivers and assess any medication-related problems. Based on previous studies [31,32], this sheet consisted of questions addressing the caregiver's awareness about the medication (6 items), collaboration with healthcare providers regarding medication (3 items), motivation to access and utilize information regarding medication (5 items), and agreement with patient taking medications and their t with the patient's lifestyle (3 items). The aim was to identify and assess issues by setting assessment criteria for each question (Appendix 3).…”