Improvement of environmental stress cracking performance, load‐carrying capacity, and UV light barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material

Abstract

This study deals with the improvement of light barrier properties and stress cracking strength of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging materials by incorporating calcium metaborate (CaB 2 O 4 ). CaB 2 O 4 powders were synthesized by the sol-gel method. After the extrusion process produced PET/ CaB 2 O 4 granules, the preform and bottle production was carried out by injection molding and blow molding. Compared to pure PET, UV transmittance is reduced (~88%), and it is more effective at lower wavelengths (<800 nm). Similarly, the presence of CaB 2 O 4 improved the environmental stress cracking performance of PET packaging materials. While the burst strength increased in the range of 0.05%-0.2% CaB 2 O 4 concentration, it decreased at higher concentrations. The load-carrying capacity is approximately 109% higher than pure PET. Acetic acid (COOH) degradation increased with the incorporation of CaB 2 O 4 particles, while isophthalic acid and diethylene glycol degradations did not change. The experimental data indicate that the photocatalytic degradation of the PET bottle is prevented significantly, and its mechanical performance is also improved with the incorporation of CaB 2 O 4 . Thanks to this novel product, the quality of food and beverages in PET packaging materials can be protected from the harmful effects of light, and the deformation of PET packaging materials can be prevented for various reasons.

Effect of Calcium Oxide on Stress Crack Resistance and Light Transmittance in PET Containers for Packaging Carbonated Beverages

“…In this work, the incorporation of CaO resulted in PET chains that were shorter and had more COOH decomposition. Similarly, previous investigations have shown that usage of inorganic additives CaB 2 O 4 and Ca 3 B 2 O 6 promoted COOH degradation. On the contrary, COOH degradation tended to decrease in a study when Mg 2 B 2 O 5 was added to PET.…”

“…For carbonated beverages, it is desirable to use packages that can withstand 5 bar of internal pressure at room temperature. The characteristics of PET packaging materials are critical both for preservation of taste, smell, and nutritional values of foods and for consumer health and safety. , In addition to the aforementioned requirements, research studies are also ongoing to enhance UV permeability, gas barrier, and chemical migration properties of PET composites. − For instance, to stop food in PET bottles exposed to sunlight from degrading as a result of a photochemical reaction, several additives are added to the PET body. , …”

A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca3B2O6)

“…As a result of the increase in crystallinity, UV light transmittance decreased. In addition, this can be attributed to the ability of borate particles to absorb high‐energy light effectively 42 . The lowest UV transmittance was achieved at the incorporation of 0.8% Ca 3 B 2 O 6 .…”

“…In addition, this can be attributed to the ability of borate particles to absorb high-energy light effectively. 42 The lowest UV transmittance was achieved at the incorporation of 0.8% Ca 3 B 2 O 6 . It is noteworthy that the UV transmittance tends to increase slightly for all additive ratios when the wavelength increases from 400 to 700 nm.…”

Computer Simulation of Polyethylene Terephthalate Carbonated Beverage Bottle Bottom Structure Based on Manual–Automatic Double-Adjustment Optimization

“…Akkurt et al [ 7 ] used Taguchi method (TM), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and ECHIP to analyze the effects of preform temperature, stretching rod position, and final pressure, and optimized the performance parameters. In addition, the orientation and crystallinity of PET molecules are also the main factors that determine whether the mechanical properties of finished products are excellent [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Demirel et al [ 11 ] used PET/nano hydroxyapatite (nHAp) composite particles to produce PET/nHAp bottles.…”