Improvement of Community Governance to Support Slum Upgrading in Indonesia

Abstract

Urbanism's impact creates land scarcity as a result of an imbalance in urban land between supply and demand. As a developing country, Indonesia is still striving to overcome the slum area and provide decent housing for low-income groups. In fact, the city is owned by everyone, so slum people and other low-income groups have the right to the city to enjoy the results of development and its facilities and infrastructure, including decent urban living spaces. These areas are government challenges and opportunities to provide the best housing services for poor or marginal communities. Over the past decades, slum upgrading has become a global solution to overcome slum problems. It relies on the concept of ' self-help ' in which community participation is used as a means of improving and sustaining the quality of life of slum dwellers. The number of researches was carried out to analyze the level of community participation in slum upgrading, but not many analyze the level of governance in slum upgrading. The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance of Indonesian governance in achieving successful slum upgrading by using a single case study of one of Indonesia's slum upgrading projects, namely the Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (NUSSP). The transition from centralized to decentralized governance has become the biggest challenge in implementing slum upgrading in Indonesia, especially on issues of political engagement, coordination, and cooperation, financial sustainability, tenure security, continuity, and institutionalization. This research has led to the conclusion that transitional Indonesia requires a unified strategy that combines some forms of centralized governance with some forms of decentralized governance. Finally, the concepts of ' self-help, ' ' less governance, ' and ' development from below ' proposed as the original concepts of slum upgrading could not work independently. Strong intervention, adequate governance and ' development from above ' are really needed to achieve successful slum upgrades.

Handling slum settlement based on community participation and socio-cultural change: Perspective of sustainable development of Makassar City, Indonesia

“…The results of the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) illustrate that community participation has a direct relationship with socio-cultural conditions. Thus, the program for handling slum settlements, which are dominated by poor people with poor environmental conditions, will require facilitation and assistance based on community empowerment and participation by considering socio-cultural conditions towards improving environmental quality and community welfare in a sustainable manner (Surya, 2015a;Hasanawi, et al, 2019;Surya, et al, 2021b). Furthermore, the factors that influence community participation in the implementation of the slum settlement program are (i) internal factors, namely age, education level, type of work, income level and length of stay, and (ii) external factors, namely communication and leadership in this case the function and role of institutions that are less than optimal in socialization activities have an impact on the weak level of trust and community participation in program implementation.…”

Relation between occupants’ health problems, demographic and indoor environment subjective evaluations: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey study in Java Island, Indonesia

“…This is reflective of the results in a previous study conducted by Chen et al (2019), who confirmed a stronger link between social economic status and health conditions, when compared to lifestyle and general indoor environments. Other findings identified that low economic conditions could lead to other factors, such as comorbidity, lifestyle, and unhygienic living environments, that might worsen the occupants’ health conditions [ 51 , 52 ]. Furthermore, thermal discomfort experiences exhibit a positive correlation with health problems; this signifies that respondents who struggle to sleep and experience hot indoor air exposures are predicted to be susceptible to certain health problems.…”

Kajian Strategi Penanganan Kawasan Kumuh di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah

“…Untuk melakukan kajian terhadap strategi, diperlukan metode analisis dan proses analisis yang tepat. Cara untuk melakukan kajian terhadap strategi diperoleh dengan melakukan perbandingan antara output strategi yang tercantum dengan dokumen RP3KP dan indikator penilaian yang diambil dari beberapa literatur kunci diantaranya (Jones, 2017), (Muchadenyika & Waiswa, 2018), (Elias et al, 2017), (Danso-wiredu & Midheme, 2017), (French et al, 2019), (Hasanawi et al, 2019), dan (Muchadenyika, 2015).…”

“…Sebagai hasil kesepakatan dalam FGD kedua direkomendasikan tipologi penanganan kumuh di masing-masing lokasi dapat dilihat pada Tabel 2. Pentingnya tata kelola berbasis masyarakat (community governance), merubah kerjasama bersifat proyek ke kerjasama berdasarkan kemanfaatan antara kedua belah pihak (Hasanawi et al, 2019). Hal ini tercermin dalam proses diskusi FGD yang cukup lama durasinya dan dengan dinamika masalah yang ditampilkan menjadi terpetakan.…”