Improvement of AISI 4340 steel properties by intermediate quenching – microstructure, mechanical properties, and fractography

Mehrabi, Afshin; Sharifi, Hassan; Asadabad, Mohsen Asadi; Najafabadi, Reza Amini; Rajaee, Ali

doi:10.3139/146.111939

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…AISI 4340 alloy steel material has been studied by looking at the surface roughness of the milling cutting process by comparing cryogenic machining and dry milling [11]. Because it is often used in the machinery industry, AISI 4340 steel has known material properties by researching microstructure, mechanical properties, and fractography with the intermediate quenching method [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of surface roughness and tool wear in milling of AISI 4340 steel

Aminy,

Arsyad,

Fahri

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Investigation of surface roughness and tool wear in milling of AISI 4340 steel has been conducted with a 4-flutes endmill. The relationships between cutting force, surface roughness and cutting parameter were investigated To determine the tool life of the tool. It is required to research the wear of the tool and the roughness of the machining results on the material tested. In this research, the test material used is AISI 4340 steel with a cooling method in the cutting process. The cutting model is slot mill cutting. To determine the wear of the cutting, a variation of the cutting thickness was performed where the selected cutting thickness was 0.5mm, 1mm, and 1.75mm. The tests that have been done are surface roughness testing, tool wear, and tool photos after cutting. The result obtained from the study is the highest level of roughness on the material cutting poses with a cutting thickness of 1.75 mm. In addition, the most optimal wear results on cutting with a cutting depth of 1 mm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of surface roughness and tool wear in milling of AISI 4340 steel

Aminy,

Arsyad,

Fahri

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…This steel consists of medium carbon low alloy steel, with additions of Cr, Mo, Mn, Si and Ni, commonly employed in quenched and tempered conditions. Tempering conditions might be tailored and controlled to promote the formation of a fully martensitic microstructure for maximum hardness and strength with lower toughness or a combination of ferrite and martensite with increased toughness at the expense of hardness and tensile strength using inter-critical tempering [11]. Some investigation has also been focused on the influence of different types of precipitates, pointing out some notable benefits of titanium and rare earth additions in toughness [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma nitriding effects in fatigue behaviour of the welded 4340 steel

Garcia

Cardoso

Chales

et al. 2023

Surface Engineering

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Welding is one of the major assembly processes employed in most common aeronautical applications. However, the consequences of the thermal cycle might be detrimental to the material's fatigue resistance depending strongly on the resulting microstructure. The 4340 steel is known to present temper embrittlement, which greatly reduces its fatigue life and weldability. This work proposes plasma nitriding as an alternative solution to tempering as a post-weld treatment and investigates its effects on material's hardness and fatigue life. This analysis was complemented by microstructural and fracture surface characterization. Plasma nitriding resulted in the formation of a double layer consisting of a smaller white micrometric nitride layer at the surface and a more diffuse sub-superficial region which led to better fatigue behaviour when compared with the conventional tempering treatment. The achieved higher surface hardness might also be interesting in other applications such as those involving high erosion and wear.

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“…Heat treatment is one of the most used processes to improve the mechanical properties of components such as hardness, strength, and toughness [1][2][3][4][5]. This process consists of heating the parts to the austenitizing temperature, keeping them for a certain time for microstructural homogenization, and cooling them at different cooling rates, which allows modifying the initial properties of the parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Cooling Medium Variables during Quenching in SAE 4340 Steel Using Statistical and Modeling Tools

Puga-Patlán,

Lopez-Garcia,

Medina-Juárez

et al. 2023

Metals

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Although quenching is one of the most widely used heat treatments in the metal-mechanical industry to improve the mechanical properties of steels, it is also responsible for the generation of residual stress, distortion, and fractures in the treated parts. The high-temperature gradients present during quenching and martensitic transformation are the main failure mechanisms. Cooling is the critical quenching stage where several variables that need to be controlled are involved in reducing these problems. The objective of this research was to evaluate the main variables in the quenching process in SAE 4340 steels, which promote distortion, residual stress accumulation, and fracture failures. A 2ᴷ factorial experiment was designed, samples with C-ring geometry susceptible to changes in quenching variables were used, and the variables studied were the agitation and temperature of the quenching medium. Experimental measurements, statistical tools and modeling were used to evaluate and predict the distortion generated in quenched samples. Such tools include Minitab 21® software and its statistics utilities. Furthermore, a finite element method model was carried out using STFC Deform®. The results suggest that there are optimal conditions in the quenching process to minimize distortion and residual stresses and to improve mechanical properties of quenched parts; therefore, the methods used in this work could be useful to detect and control the appearance of defects in an industrial environment.

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Improvement of AISI 4340 steel properties by intermediate quenching – microstructure, mechanical properties, and fractography

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Investigation of surface roughness and tool wear in milling of AISI 4340 steel

Investigation of surface roughness and tool wear in milling of AISI 4340 steel

Plasma nitriding effects in fatigue behaviour of the welded 4340 steel

Study of Cooling Medium Variables during Quenching in SAE 4340 Steel Using Statistical and Modeling Tools

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