Improvement of adiponectin in relation to physical performance and body composition in young obese males subjected to twenty-four weeks of training programs

Mallardo, Marta; D'Alleva, Mattia; Lazzer, Stefano; Giovanelli, Nicola; Graniero, Francesco; Billat, Véronique; Fiori, Federica; Marinoni, Michela; Parpinel, Maria; Daniele, Aurora; Nigro, Ersilia

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15790

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…Besides the relation between adiponectin and body composition, it has been hypothesized that physical exercise exerts its beneficial effects through the regulation of adiponectin, making this adipokine an interesting molecular target. Indeed, when considering physical activity as a non-pharmacological intervention for the management of metabolic disorders, metabolic improvements mediated by physical activity are associated with changes in adiponectin serum levels [109][110][111][112].…”

Section: Adiponectin In Physical Activity and In Otsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review on Adipose Tissue and Overtraining: Shedding Light on the Interplay among Adipokines, Exercise and Overtraining

Mallardo,

Daniele,

Musumeci

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Lifestyle factors, particularly physical inactivity, are closely linked to the onset of numerous metabolic diseases. Adipose tissue (AT) has been extensively studied for various metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and immune system dysregulation due to its role in energy metabolism and regulation of inflammation. Physical activity is increasingly recognized as a powerful non-pharmacological tool for the treatment of various disorders, as it helps to improve metabolic, immune, and inflammatory functions. However, chronic excessive training has been associated with increased inflammatory markers and oxidative stress, so much so that excessive training overload, combined with inadequate recovery, can lead to the development of overtraining syndrome (OTS). OTS negatively impacts an athlete’s performance capabilities and significantly affects both physical health and mental well-being. However, diagnosing OTS remains challenging as the contributing factors, signs/symptoms, and underlying maladaptive mechanisms are individualized, sport-specific, and unclear. Therefore, identifying potential biomarkers that could assist in preventing and/or diagnosing OTS is an important objective. In this review, we focus on the possibility that the endocrine functions of AT may have significant implications in the etiopathogenesis of OTS. During physical exercise, AT responds dynamically, undergoing remodeling of endocrine functions that influence the production of adipokines involved in regulating major energy and inflammatory processes. In this scenario, we will discuss exercise about its effects on AT activity and metabolism and its relevance to the prevention and/or development of OTS. Furthermore, we will highlight adipokines as potential markers for diagnosing OTS.

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Section: Adiponectin In Physical Activity and In Otsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review on Adipose Tissue and Overtraining: Shedding Light on the Interplay among Adipokines, Exercise and Overtraining

Mallardo,

Daniele,

Musumeci

et al. 2024

IJMS

Self Cite

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Effects of Exhaustive Exercise on Adiponectin and High-Molecular-Weight Oligomer Levels in Male Amateur Athletes

Mallardo,

Tommasini,

Missaglia

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Physical activity promotes metabolic health and prevents lifestyle-related diseases. Adiponectin is specifically produced by adipose tissue and comes in three forms, differing in terms of weight: trimers (LMW), hexamers (MMW), and high-molecular-weight (HMW) oligomers. The oligomers are associated with the beneficial effects of adiponectin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a single bout of exhaustive exercise on adiponectin expression in 25 male amateur athletes, divided into two groups, one comprising young adults (YAs) (n = 15), and the other comprising middle-aged adults (MAs) (n = 10). Body fat was estimated through skinfold thickness. Adiponectin levels were assessed at baseline and at 15 min and 24 h post-exercise, while HMW oligomer levels were evaluated at baseline and at 24 h post-exercise. We observed a significant increase in total adiponectin at both 15 min and 24 h after exercise, with there being a more evident effect among the YA subjects. HMW oligomers also increased significantly after exercise both in the total sample and among the YA subjects, but this was not the case in the MA subjects. The increase in adiponectin levels was significantly associated with Powerpeak. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was found between basal adiponectin and VO2peak and Powerpeak. In conclusion, a single bout of exhaustive exercise can rapidly and significantly enhance the basal circulating adiponectin concentration, which seems to be negatively associated with maximal aerobic capacity.

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Changes in the Expression of Inflammatory Genes Induced by Chronic Exercise in the Adipose Tissue: Differences by Sex

Sanchis,

Ezequiel-Rodriguez,

Sánchez-Oliver

et al. 2024

Sports

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The impact of obesity on adipose tissue function is well acknowledged, but the role of physical exercise in regulating inflammatory markers and gene expression in obese individuals remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic exercise on inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue and to explore sex differences in response to exercise. The study involved 29 obese participants (13 men, 16 women) aged 38 to 54 years with a mean BMI of 36.05 ± 4.99 kg/m2. Participants underwent an 8-week concurrent training program comprising three weekly sessions of ~60 min each. The sessions included joint mobility exercises, cardiovascular activation, and cardiorespiratory resistance exercises at medium to low intensity. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was performed for gene expression analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The study demonstrated that chronic exercise modulates the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue, particularly ADIPOR2 (p = 0.028), leptin (p = 0.041), and IFNg (p = 0.040) (downregulated). Interestingly, regardless of sex, the exercise programs had an independent effect on pro-inflammatory genes. Overall, this study provides insight into the role of chronic exercise in modulating adipose tissue gene expression in obese individuals. Further research involving both sexes is recommended to tailor exercise interventions for better outcomes.

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Improvement of adiponectin in relation to physical performance and body composition in young obese males subjected to twenty-four weeks of training programs

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

A Narrative Review on Adipose Tissue and Overtraining: Shedding Light on the Interplay among Adipokines, Exercise and Overtraining

A Narrative Review on Adipose Tissue and Overtraining: Shedding Light on the Interplay among Adipokines, Exercise and Overtraining

Effects of Exhaustive Exercise on Adiponectin and High-Molecular-Weight Oligomer Levels in Male Amateur Athletes

Changes in the Expression of Inflammatory Genes Induced by Chronic Exercise in the Adipose Tissue: Differences by Sex

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