Improvement in the Microbial Resistance of Resin-Based Dental Sealant by Sulfobetaine Methacrylate Incorporation

Abstract

Prevention of dental caries is a key research area, and improvement of the pit and fissure sealants used for caries prevention has been of particular interest. This report describes results of incorporating a zwitterion, sulfobetaine methacrylate (SB), into photo-polymerized resin-based sealants to enhance resistance to cariogenic bacteria and protein adhesion. Varying amounts (1.5–5 wt%) of SB were incorporated into a resin-based sealant, and the flexural strength, wettability, depth of cure, protein adhesion, bacterial viability, and cell cytotoxicity of the resultant sealants were evaluated. The flexural strength decreased with the increasing SB content, but this decrease was statistically significant only for sealants containing ≥3 wt% SB. Incorporating a zwitterion led to a significant reduction in the water contact angle and protein adhesion. The colony-forming unit count showed a significant reduction in the bacterial viability of S. mutans, which was confirmed with microscopic imaging. Moreover, cell cytotoxicity analysis of SB-modified sealants using an L929 fibroblast showed a cytotoxicity comparable to that of an unmodified control, suggesting no adverse effects on the cellular metabolism upon SB introduction. Hence, we conclude that the addition of 1.5–3 wt% SB can significantly enhance the inherent ability of sealants to resist S. mutans adhesion and prevent dental caries.

Durable Oral Biofilm Resistance of 3D-Printed Dental Base Polymers Containing Zwitterionic Materials

“…It has been previously demonstrated that the incorporation of zwitterions in resin-like materials results in the copolymerization and immobilization of zwitterions [ 38 ], resulting in a stable form of the material. The results presented here are in agreement with those of previous studies, wherein no significant changes were observed with zwitterion-containing polymers in terms of both the protein-repellent and the physical/mechanical properties [ 17 , 28 ].…”

“…The concentration of MPC and SB in this study was based on previous studies, which examined different concentrations of MPC and SB. In those studies, more than 5 wt% of the zwitterion resulted in the deterioration of the mechanical properties, while less than 3 wt% led to less effective protein-repellent properties and biofilm resistance [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 28 ]. Despite a small decline, the mechanical properties obtained in this study are adequate in terms of the minimum required values stated in International Standard ISO 20795-2 [ 20 ].…”

Surface Characterization, Biocompatibility and Antifungal Efficacy of a Denture-Lining Material Containing Cnidium officinale Extracts

“…Furthermore, studies have reported on the antibacterial properties of phenolic compounds, such as polyphenol and flavonoids, against C. albicans [ 12 , 25 ]. The antioxidant activity and effect of the phenolic component of CO were confirmed by previous studies, along with its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and C. albicans , which are two major oral pathogens [ 21 , 26 ]. Previous studies have demonstrated that CO were established, as well as secondary metabolites, such as phenolic, flavonoid, phthalide, and 3-butylidenephthalide synthesis.…”

Development of a Bioactive Flowable Resin Composite Containing a Zinc-Doped Phosphate-Based Glass

“…Flowable resin composites have been clinically proven to be an effective dental treatment over the last 60 years are a popular restorative material in dentistry because of the good flowability and color, which is similar to that of natural tooth enamel [ 1 , 2 ]. Flowable resin composites have a diverse variety of applications, including preventive resin restoration, pit and fissure sealing, restoration repair, and cavity lining [ 3 ]. Although flowable composite resins have shown long-term clinical success, they tend to accumulate more bacteria and dental plaque than enamel and other restorative materials [ 4 ].…”