Improvement in the chemical structure and biological activity of surface titanium after exposure to UVC light

Improvement in Osseointegration of Titanium Dental Implants After Exposure to Ultraviolet-C Light for Varied Durations: An Experimental Study in Beagle Dogs

“…36 The literature demonstrated that such modification of the surface chemical composition and characteristics were dependent on the UV light duration. 35 The carbon concentration of the UV-treated-30-min and UV-treated-60-min samples were significantly less than that of the UV-treated-15-min samples. The water contact angle of the surface decreased with the prolonged exposure to UV light.…”

“…12 Aging leads to the accumulation of carbon components on the titanium surface with atomic percentage more than 50%; the use of UV irradiation decreases it to less than 20%. 29,35 And UV light could convert the hydrophobic surface of aged titanium back to a hydrophilic one. 8,9 The first report about photogeneration of titanium ascribed the unique surface character to the creation of vacancies in the OH-oxygen and the conversion of Ti 4+ to Ti 3+ .…”

Clinical Effects of Photofunctionalization on Implant Stability and Marginal Bone Loss: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…An aged titanium surface is negatively charged, but a photofunctionalized titanium surface is positively charged, attracting more negatively charged proteins and osteoblasts to the titanium surface [ 12 , 15 ]. Photofunctionalization can also significantly reduce the carbon content of aged titanium surfaces [ 49 , 50 ]. The reduction in hydrocarbons aids cell adhesion and promotes cell proliferation, thereby accelerating and enhancing bone formation [ 11 , 50 ].…”

Investigation of Wettability Using Contact Angle Measurements and Geometric Discrepancy Analysis of Heat-Treated Pure Titanium Grade 2

“…In addition to its unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties, titanium exhibits characteristics related specifically to biomechanics, including resistance to corrosion and reactivity, due to the rapid formation of an oxide layer on the surface when in contact with organic tissues; density appropriate for use as prostheses is 4.45 g/cm 3 -while that of human bone is 1.35 g/cm 3 ; modulus of elasticity superior to that of human bone (E Ti = 116 GPa; E bone = 13.5~22.5GPa); biocompatibility, because its presence in the organism does not cause rejection (swelling and inflammation) at the implant site or in the biological system (allergies); biofunctionality, performing esthetic and practical functions (static and dynamic), due to its dimensional stability; bioinert characteristic since there is practically no fibrous encapsulation around the prosthesis; in addition to being sterilizable [4][5][6][7][8] .…”

“…Among the manufacturing processes, incremental sheet forming uses low-cost generic tools to produce sheets with different geometric shapes 6 . The process demonstrates a number of applications in terms of the need to manufacture complex three-dimensional parts without using specific tools when compared to conventional forming 6,8 . In addition, the ISF process to manufacture prototypes or small batches of *e-mail: gustavo.lucca@satc.edu.br parts is not feasible with conventional ISF because of the high costs involved 12 .…”