Chapter 1 General introduction Chapter 2 Cellular senescence in the aging and diseased kidney Chapter 3 CCN2 aggravates acute DNA damage and the subsequent DDR-Senescence-Fibrosis sequence following renal ischemiareperfusion injury Chapter 4 CCN2 aggravates the immediate Oxidative Stress-DNA Damage Response following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury Chapter 5 Acute kidney injury is aggravated in aged mice by the exacerbation of proinflammatory processes Chapter 6 Oxidative stress and cellular senescence are involved in the aging kidney Chapter 7 A human conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cell line as a novel model for studying senescence and response to senolytics Chapter 8 Cellular senescence and the kidney: potential therapeutic targets and tools Chapter 9 Cellular senescence in kidney biopsies is associated with tubular dysfunction and predicts CKD progression in childhood cancer patients with KIN Bridging research (part 1) and education (part 2) Chapter 10 Proposal for a research-based bachelor course design to provide insight into underlying mechanisms of the rare, genetic renal disease KIN Part 2. Research-based education in undergraduate biomedicine education Chapter 11 A challenge-based interdisciplinary undergraduate concept fostering translational medicine Chapter 12 A novel undergraduate biomedical laboratory course concept in synergy with ongoing faculty research Chapter 13 Hybrid PhD tracks with synergy between education and research Chapter 14 Summarizing discussion and future perspectives Appendices Nederlandse samenvatting Dankwoord Curriculum vitae
CHAPTER 1 General introductionChapter 1. General introduction Chronic kidney disease is a major health burden lacking effective treatment Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common, progressive and irreversible disorder. In 2016, the global prevalence of CKD was estimated to be 13.4%. In the Netherlands, the prevalence of CKD is estimated to be around 10%. (Nierstichting-a) People with CKD have an increased risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle and drug interventions (e.g. ACE inhibition or angiotensin II receptor type 2 inhibition) are currently the cornerstone for treatment for CKD, but do not sufficiently prevent CKD progression. A large number of CKD patients (approximately 2000 patients per year in the Netherlands (Nierstichting-b)) develop ESKD and will need to switch to renal replacement therapy such as dialysis or transplantation. During dialysis, quality of life is poor and morbidity and mortality are high. ESRD patients who start dialysis between the ages of 45 and 65 have a 5-year survival rate of under 50% in the United States and Europe. (Robinson et al. 2016) Donor kidneys are scarce and long-term renal allograft survival is poor. The halflife of kidney transplants is approximately 9 years for deceased donor grafts and 12 years for living donor grafts. (Lamb et al. 2011) Thus, the demand for better treatment options to stop CKD progression and improve survival of a graft kidney i...