Improvement in energy conversion of electrostrictive composite materials by new approach via piezoelectric effect: Modeling and experiments

Abstract

This study proposes a new model that couples the piezoelectric and electrostrictive behavior to minimize the polarization power of composite polymer. The development of this model is capable to predict the energy harvesting abilities of an electrostrictive composite. To improve the dielectric permittivity of electrostrictive polymer, the particles of PZT have been incorporated in order to increase the conversion efficiency of the composite. Dielectric characterization tests showed an increase in dielectric permittivity by a factor of 4.5 compared to pure polymer. Experimental measurements of harvested power validate the analytical model and demonstrate a good correlation between the two data. An equivalent of an electrical scheme has been developed, which allows modeling the two behaviors. The harvested power density under low frequency at 2% of strain can reach 0.30 μW/cm 3 for 33% of PZT without the polarization field, including the conversion efficiency becomes higher. The energy harvester property of this material composite has excellent potential for several selfpowered applications such as wireless sensor networks and the internet of things.

Review: Electroactive Polymers

“…Bunların yanında elektrostriktif polimerlere örnek olarak yüksek-enerjili-elektron ışınına maruz kalmış poli (viniliden florür-trifloroetilen) (HEEI P(VDF-TrFE)) kopolimer ve P(VDF-TrFE)-esaslı terpolimerler örnek olarak verilebilir [52]. Son zamanlarda aktüatörlerin elektrostriktif özellikleri geliştirilerek elektroelastik davranışlarının gelişmesi üzerine çalışmalar bulunmaktadır [53], [54].…”

Representative volume element model of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)-based electrostrictive composites for numerical evaluation of effective properties

“…The coupling of elastic and electric fields exists among many electromechanical materials such as piezoelectric [1,2], flexoelectric [3][4][5][6], and electrostrictive [7][8][9]. The materials are also known as smart materials because they can respond to the change in their surrounding stimuli such as mechanical strain or electric potential.…”

“…They also developed a static finite element formulation to simulate the induced strain at a higher electric field [12]. Due to the constantly growing demand for miniaturized autonomous electronic systems, research fraternities have resorted to designing electrostrictive composites [7][8][9]. Motivated by experimental studies [11,13], researchers started simulating [7,[14][15][16] polymer-based electrostrictive composites to evaluate their overall macroscopic behavior.…”

Electricity generation from ionic solution flowing through packed three-dimensional graphene powders

“…energy shortage. Therefore, it is urgent to develop renewable, sustainable and environment-friendly energy devices capable of fulfilling the energy demands [3][4][5][6]. Over the past ten years, various nanogenerators (NGs) based on piezoelectric [7][8][9], triboelectric [10][11][12][13],…”