Improved Walking Capacity and Muscle Strength After Functional Power-Training in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy

Vulpen, L.F. van; Groot, Sonja de; Rameckers, Eugène; Becher, Jules G.; Dallmeijer, Annet J.

doi:10.1177/1545968317723750

Cited by 71 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, other studies have shown that lower leg muscle strength may play a critical role in gait [25,26]. In other words, functional decline-represented by the FTSST and GDI findings-may be prevented if gait impairment is ameliorated through exercise therapy and orthopedic treatments to address the aspects of body structure and function in pediatric patients [27][28][29][30], such as strength, balance, or bony abnormalities, particularly in those with GMFCS level I and II spastic cerebral palsy. However, gait quality and physical function in children with cerebral palsy are complex topics that warrant further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Gait Deviation Index and Physical Function in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ito

Noritake

Sugiura

et al. 2019

JCM

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This study examined the association between Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and the five-times-sit-to-stand test (FTSST) or gait speed results, which represent mobility and muscle strength of the lower extremities in ambulatory children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I and II spastic cerebral palsy. In this cross-sectional, observational study, three-dimensional gait analysis data were obtained during gait trials to evaluate the GDI in 35 children (age 5-16 years) with spastic palsy. Motor function was evaluated using FTSST and gait speed. Gross motor function was evaluated using GMFCS. Children with GMFCS level II spastic cerebral palsy demonstrated lower GDI (p < 0.001) and poorer FTSST (p = 0.031) than those with GMFCS level I spastic cerebral palsy. Correlation analysis showed that FTSST results were significantly correlated with GDI (r = −0.624; p < 0.001). Motor function may be important for the maintenance of gait quality in patients with GMFCS level I and II spastic cerebral palsy and should not be ignored. In conclusion, reduction in gait impairment may affect the values of FTSST and GDI in patients with spastic cerebral palsy who can ambulate without an assistive device.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Gait Deviation Index and Physical Function in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ito

Noritake

Sugiura

et al. 2019

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These findings support the importance of appropriate exercise intervention design to improve neuromuscular impairments and functional capacity in individuals with CP. 66,67 The magnitude of hypertrophy shown within the training group (7.5 -9.6% across PF muscles) was of a similar magnitude to lower limb muscle hypertrophy in TD adults that has been reported following PRT. 74,169 The hypertrophy seen in this study is less, however, than previously reported muscle volume increases of 23-24% in the medial and lateral gastrocnemii following targeted PF strength training in children with CP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…36 Anaerobic power may be important to successfully performing daily activities in individuals with CP as most tasks such as walking short distances, avoiding obstacles, climbing stairs require short bursts of high intensity movement and as such, are anaerobic in nature. 36 Anaerobic training in youth and adolescents with CP has led to improvements in muscle strength, anaerobic capacity, and agility, 66,67 but the impact on muscle morphology and architecture remains unknown. Given the difficulty in improving functional outcomes following traditional resistance training interventions, the addition of anaerobic training may lead to increased mobility and agility.…”

Section: Concurrent Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two well designed studies have reported improvements in functional capacity following specific anaerobic training in children and adolescents with CP. 66,67 Isolated resistance training does not train the skills or movements required to perform functional tasks which may explain the incongruence between strength and functional adaptations following isolated resistance training interventions. 43,45 As most muscle strengthening interventions in individuals with CP have focused on improving strength and mobility, the outcome measures have been predominantly gross motor and functional capacity measures without examining the muscle itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FAST CP: The effect of Functional Anaerobic and Strength Training on muscle properties, functional capacity, and gait in adolescents and young adults with Cerebral Palsy

Gillett¹

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Cerebral palsy (CP) is the largest single cause of childhood physical disability. While the brain lesion responsible for CP is static, there is a cascade of secondary musculoskeletal adaptations including reduced muscle size, reduced joint range of motion, increased joint stiffness, and muscle weakness. These secondary alterations progress with age and contribute to a gradual loss of functional capacity into adulthood. Strength training has been used to increase muscle strength in individuals with CP, however it may not be an effective intervention for improving gross mobility-related measures, such as walking performance. It is also unknown whether skeletal muscle in young adults with CP can undergo hypertrophy or architectural adaptations in response to different exercise modes.The general aim of this thesis was to examine the effect of combined functional anaerobic and strength training (FAST) on muscle properties, functional capacity, and gait in adolescents and young adults with CP.A systematic review was undertaken (Chapter 2) to determine the effects of muscle strengthening interventions on skeletal muscle morphology and architecture in children and adolescents with CP. The analysis revealed preliminary evidence that strength training leads to increased muscle size in children and adolescents with CP, accompanied by an increase in muscle strength. Muscle hypertrophy findings may, however, be confounded by factors such as natural growth and concurrent therapies. The findings of this review informed the design of the FAST program and outcome measures used in the following studies to better understand the muscular responses to exercise training in this population.The full study protocol for the FAST intervention is described in Chapter 3. There have been no previous exercise trials conducted in young adults with CP using training parameters that meet established guidelines, that have measured muscle morphology and architecture outcomes. Details of the functional anaerobic and resistance training parameters and progressions according to established guidelines are set out, as well as establishing a-priori outcome measures and the data analysis plan for implementation of the intervention. iii A cross-sectional study was undertaken (Chapter 4) to investigate the relationships between muscle strength, stiffness, and functional capacity in a larger sample of adults with CP. The results of this study demonstrated that maximum isometric plantar flexion strength independently explained 50 -61% of variance in functional capacity outcome measures. Passive medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicle stiffness and ankle joint stiffness were not related to functional capacity measures. These findings suggest lower isometric muscle strength of the plantar flexor muscles contributes to the decline in functional capacity in adults with CP. Chapter 5 investigated the impact of the FAST intervention on lower limb muscle volumes, joint and muscle stiffness, muscle strength, and functional capacity in a sample of 17 young adults with CP...

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“…4) Several researchers have found that muscle strength in such children is related to motor function. 5),6), 7) Various physical therapies improve latent motor ability and ameliorate the secondary problems. 8) The interventions include task-oriented exercises, 9) progressive resistance ex-ercises, 10) virtual reality training, 11) treadmill work, weight-training machines (tilting tables), 12) and whole-body vibration (WBV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Whole-body Vibration on the Gross Motor Function, Balance, and Gait of Children with Cerebral Palsy

yong¹

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Improved Walking Capacity and Muscle Strength After Functional Power-Training in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract: The results indicate that functional power-training is an effective training for improving walking capacity in young children with cerebral palsy.

Cited by 71 publications

References 41 publications

Association between Gait Deviation Index and Physical Function in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Association between Gait Deviation Index and Physical Function in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

FAST CP: The effect of Functional Anaerobic and Strength Training on muscle properties, functional capacity, and gait in adolescents and young adults with Cerebral Palsy

The Effects of Whole-body Vibration on the Gross Motor Function, Balance, and Gait of Children with Cerebral Palsy

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