Improved Technology of Scandium Recovery from Solutions of Bauxite Residue Carbonation Leaching

Petrakova, O. V.; Kozyrev, A. B.; Suss, A. G.; Gorbachev, Sergey N.; Panov, А. V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_176

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Some amount of hematite (Fe2O3) and chamosite ([Fe 2+ ,Mg]5Al[AlSi3O10]), the main iron phases of raw bauxite, still can be seen in RMF obtained by the fusion-leaching process. According to previous research [31,[37][38][39], Sc is commonly adsorbed on Fe 2 O 3 and in channels of the aluminosilicates that is formed during desilication of pregnant solution [25]. During the alkali fusion-leaching method, hematite and chamosite are transformed into maghemite.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Figure 2, the Sc amount associated with aluminosilicate is low. Petrakova et al [25] showed that Sc associated with the DSP accounts for more than 30% of Sc in Bayer RM. Therefore, the increase in aluminosilicate dissolution could raise the Sc extraction degree.…”

Section: Study Of the Kinetics And Mechanism Of Sc Leaching From Rmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…United Company RUSAL launched a pilot plant by NaHCO 3 leaching in 2014 [24]. Sc extraction degree by this method does not exceed 30-40%, even at the application of the sorption in pulp process [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Scandium (Sc) Extraction from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Obtained by Alkali Fusion-Leaching Method

et al. 2022

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Bauxite residue, known as “red mud,” is a potential raw material for extracting rare-earth elements (REEs). The main REEs (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Nb, and Sm) from the raw bauxite are concentrated in RM after the Bayer leaching process. The earlier worldwide studies were focused on the scandium (Sc) extraction from RM by concentrated acids to enhance the extraction degree. This leads to the dissolution of major oxides (Fe2O3 and Al2O3) from RM. This article studies the possibility of selective Sc extraction from alkali fusion red mud (RMF) by diluted nitric acid (HNO3) leaching at pH ≥ 2 to prevent co-dissolution of Fe2O3. RMF samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was revealed that Sc concentration in RMF can reach up to 140–150 mg kg−1. Sc extraction was 71.2% at RMF leaching by HNO3 at pH 2 and 80 °C during 90 min. The leaching solution contained 8 mg L−1 Sc and a high amount of other REEs in the presence of relatively low concentrations of impurity elements such as Fe, Al, Ti, Ca, etc. The kinetic analysis of experimental data by the shrinking core model showed that Sc leaching process is limited by the interfacial diffusion and the diffusion through the product layer. The apparent activation energy (Ea) was 19.5 kJ/mol. The linear dependence of Sc extraction on magnesium (Mg) extraction was revealed. According to EPMA of RMF, Sc is associated with iron minerals rather than Mg. This allows us to conclude that Mg acts as a leaching agent for the extraction of Sc presented in the RMF in an ion-exchangeable phase.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Of the Kinetics And Mechanism Of Sc Leaching From Rmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Scandium (Sc) Extraction from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Obtained by Alkali Fusion-Leaching Method

et al. 2022

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“…The RM-ESPD was subjected to high temperature in the presence of soda and lime. Therefore, it could be suggested that REEs can be liberated from the solid matrix of iron minerals and represented in this RM in the ion-exchange phase that was adsorbed on iron minerals or in the tunnels of the desilication products [33,34]. In Figure 2, the SEM-EDS images of the RM are shown.…”

Section: Red Mud Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

High-Selective Extraction of Scandium (Sc) from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) by Acid Leaching with MgSO4

et al. 2022

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Bauxite residue, also known as red mud (RM), from alumina production is the most promising technogenic material for the production of scandium (Sc) and other rare earth elements (REEs). Conveniently, RM is processed by using a strong acid (pH < 2.5), which lead to co-dissolution of iron and other undesirable major components. In this work, for the first time, the possibility of selective extraction of scandium from red mud by using highly diluted acid (pH > 4) in the presence of MgSO4 was shown. The effect of temperature (40–80 °C), time (0–60 min), pH (2–5), and the MgSO4 concentration (12–36 g L−1) on Sc extraction efficiency was evaluated. It was shown that Sc extraction was higher than 63% even at a pH of 4, at 80 °C, after 1 h, while more than 80% could be extracted at a pH of 2. Iron extraction reduced from 7.7 to 0.03% by increasing the pH from 2 to 4. The kinetics study using the shrinking core model (SCM) has shown that diffusion through a product layer is a rate-limiting stage of the process at high temperatures (>60 °C) and low pH (<3), whereas, at lower temperatures and higher pH values, the leaching rate is limited by diffusion through the liquid film.

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“…A mixture containing scandium oxide in combination with an Al-CoCrFeNi alloy was investigated, which led to the discovery of a promising nanodiamond composite [4]. Due to its low content in mineral ores, scandium is usually isolated from various sources, such as uranium production solutions [5], as a by-product from tailings processing, titanium pigment produc-tion waste [6], ilmenite chlorination waste, tungsten processing residues [7] and red mud [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of the Kinetic Characteristics of Sorption of Scandium of Ion Exchanger Purolite MTS9580 from Return Circulating Solutions of Underground Leaching of Uranium Ores

Yessimkanova

Матаев

Алехина

et al. 2020

Eurasian Chem. Tech. J.

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This paper presents the results of a study of experiments on the sorption characteristics of phosphorus-containing ion exchangers Purolite MTS9580 (functional group ‒ derivatives of phosphonic acid) and Lewatit TP260 (functional group ‒ aminomethylphosphonic acid) on scandium. Using the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, structural characteristics of selected ion exchangers Purolite MTS9580 and Lewatit TP260 respectively were measured. The specific surface of Purolite MTS9580 and Lewatit TP260 ion exchangers was measured as 5.1 and 4.5 m2/g, respectively. The obtained values indicate the presence of a macroporous structure in the ion exchangers. Experiments were carried out on the sorption of scandium and critical impurities in a static mode and dynamic mode while varying the acidity of the initial mother liquor of the sorption of uranium. Comparison of scandium sorption from pre-acidified uranium sorption mother liquor with Lewatit TP260 and Purolite MTS9580 ion exchangers showed an advantage for MTS9580 resin. The MTS9580 resin had an exchange capacity of 200 mg Sc/dm3 versus 59.7 mg Sc/dm3 for TP260. The dynamic exchange capacity of Purolite MTS9580 is much lower in relation to harmful impurities as Al, Fe, Ca, etc.

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Improved Technology of Scandium Recovery from Solutions of Bauxite Residue Carbonation Leaching

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Selective Scandium (Sc) Extraction from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Obtained by Alkali Fusion-Leaching Method

Selective Scandium (Sc) Extraction from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Obtained by Alkali Fusion-Leaching Method

High-Selective Extraction of Scandium (Sc) from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) by Acid Leaching with MgSO4

The study of the Kinetic Characteristics of Sorption of Scandium of Ion Exchanger Purolite MTS9580 from Return Circulating Solutions of Underground Leaching of Uranium Ores

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