Improved synthesis of DL-alanosine

Eaton, Calley N.; Denny, George H.; Ryder, M. A.; Ly, M. G.; Babson, Robert D.

doi:10.1021/jm00261a029

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Further nitrosation yielded racemic alanosine. 143 In 2004, an improved stereoselective synthesis of l -alanosine was reported in six steps and 49% overall yield. 144 l -Serine was employed to synthesize 193 .…”

Section: N-nitroso Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic and biosynthetic routes to nitrogen–nitrogen bonds

Niikura

et al. 2022

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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Section: N-nitroso Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic and biosynthetic routes to nitrogen–nitrogen bonds

Niikura

et al. 2022

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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“…However, in general, tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes contain propylene glycol, glycerol, and 0 mg/mL to 50 mg/mL (free base and salt nicotine) of nicotine like most other e-cigarettes. Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes have also been shown to have cinnamaldehyde [17]. Additionally, for the popular brands JUUL and Puff Bar, many other chemicals were frequently found to be in their tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes in greater than 1 mg/mL concentrations, including ethyl maltol, corylone, vanillin, and ethyl vanillin [14].…”

Section: E-liquid Constituents Inhaled During Vapingmentioning

confidence: 99%

e-Cigarette Tobacco Flavors, Public Health, and Toxicity: Narrative Review

Sun,

Prabhu,

Rahman

et al. 2024

Online J Public Health Inform

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Background Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration implemented enforcement priorities against all flavored, cartridge-based e-cigarettes other than menthol and tobacco flavors. This ban undermined the products’ appeal to vapers, so e-cigarette manufacturers added flavorants of other attractive flavors into tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes and reestablished appeal. Objective This review aims to analyze the impact of the addition of other flavorants in tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes on both human and public health issues and to propose further research as well as potential interventions. Methods Searches for relevant literature published between 2018 and 2023 were performed. Cited articles about the toxicity of e-cigarette chemicals included those published before 2018, and governmental websites and documents were also included for crucial information. Results Both the sales of e-cigarettes and posts on social media suggested that the manufacturers’ strategy was successful. The reestablished appeal causes not only a public health issue but also threats to the health of individual vapers. Research has shown an increase in toxicity associated with the flavorants commonly used in flavored e-cigarettes, which are likely added to tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes based on tobacco-derived and synthetic tobacco-free nicotine, and these other flavors are associated with higher clinical symptoms not often induced solely by natural, traditional tobacco flavors. Conclusions The additional health risks posed by the flavorants are pronounced even without considering the toxicological interactions of the different tobacco flavorants, and more research should be done to understand the health risks thoroughly and to take proper actions accordingly for the regulation of these emerging products.

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“…The synthesis of b-pyrazol-1-yl-L-alanine [ of willardine [77] as well as enantiopure 2-carboxypiperazine derivatives [78] have been addressed using Mitsunobu protocols. In contrast, the direct nucleophilic substitution on suitably protected b-tosyl serine [79] and threonine [80] derivatives or even on b-chloroalanine [81] is less documented. A recent and simple example describes N,N-dibenzyl-O-methylsulfonyl serine methyl ester 104 as a suitable precursor of a,b-diamino esters 105ab by reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles via regioselective (C-2) opening of a transient aziridinium ion (Scheme 9.15) [82].…”

Section: From Readily Available A-amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%