Improved synthesis and properties of aryl ether-based oligomeric phthalonitrile resins and polymers

Systematic study on highly efficient Thermal Synergistic Polymerization effect between alicyclic imide moiety and phthalonitrile: Scope, Properties and Mechanism

“…The dielectric constant (ε') or relative static permittivity of a material represents the capacitance of the material relative to a vacuum and is important in many industrial applications [33]. The variation of the real part of the dielectric function, ε', as a function of frequency for samples at room temperature is illustrated in Fig.…”

A novel bio‐based phthalonitrile resin derived from catechin: synthesis and comparison of curing behavior with petroleum‐based counterpart

“…The temperature at 5% weight loss ( T d5% ) for the BPA‐Ph resin determined in this study was slightly lower than that determined previously for other BPA‐derived systems. For example, Laskoski et al prepared an oligomeric multiple aromatic ether containing phthalonitrile based on BPA, using bis(4‐(3‐aminophenoxy)phenyl)sulfone as an additive, which gave a thermosetting resin with T d5% of 510 °C . The differences in T d5% maybe due to the longer curing reaction time of 29 h employed in previous studies, when compared to the shorter 8 h curing time employed in this work.…”

Phthalonitrile Blends: Simple Way to Improve Physical Properties by Increasing Crosslinking Density

“…[13,14] The DSC thermogram of formulation 3a containing m-BAPS revealed a glass transition temperature (T g ) of ≈75 °C, assigned to the PN resins, followed by an exothermic transition starting at 225 °C and peaking at 275 °C, attributed to the reaction of the PN resin with m-BAPS. [18] For comparison, Sheng et al indicated that monomer 2 exhibited a T g around 105 °C and a recrystallization exotherm peaking at 200 °C and subsequent melting at 215 °C, followed by an amine curing reaction exotherm peaking around 250 °C. [22] For the sample of 3b under identical conditions, multiple T g s were observed at 75, 120, and 170 °C indicating a complex softening of the glassy formulation corresponding to resin 1 (≈75 °C), m-BAPS (≈120 °C), and 2 (≈170 °C).…”

“…and 4-nitrophthalonitrile and exhibit high melting points (195-230 °C). The second-generation PN resins are composed of oligomeric aromatic ether linkages between the terminal phthalonitrile units and are prepared through a two-step, one-pot nucleophilic displacement reaction involving activated [1,2,7,8,16] or unactivated [6,17,18] dihaloaromatic compounds and an appropriate bisphenol, followed by endcapping with 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The first-generation systems further purification.…”