Improved Symmetry Greatly Increases X-Ray Power from Wire-Array<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">Z</mml:mi></mml:math>-Pinches

Sanford, T. W. L.; Allshouse, G.O.; Marder, B.M.; Nash, T. J.; Mock, R. C.; Spielman, R. B.; Seamen, J. F.; McGurn, J.; Jobe, D.; Gilliland, T. L.; Vargas, M.; Struve, K.W.; Stygar, W. A.; Douglas, M. R.; Matzen, M. K.; Hammer, J.H.; Groot, J. S. De; Eddleman, J.L.; Peterson, Darrell L.; Mosher, D.; Whitney, K. G.; Thornhill, J. W.; Pulsifer, P. E.; Apruzese, J. P.; Maron, Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.5063

Cited by 286 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…This cotilguration has been found to generate high powers when the wires stagnate on axis without a target [30]. High numbers of wires help ensure that the resulting plasma shell acts as a more uniform radiation case for radiation inside the target and develops high x-ray power when impacting the target [9,16,[39][40][41]. The target is a solid C% cylinder of TPX (poly [4-methyl-1-pentene]) foam [42,43] with a density of 14 mg/cm3 and small (6 pm) cell size.…”

Section: Experimental Arrangementfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Application of pulsed-power generators like the Z-facility to this pre-NIF ICF effort was first suggested in 1995 [ 8] after it was discovered [9] that the use of very large numbers of wires enabled the generation of high x-ray power from annular wire-array z pinches. This wire-number dkcovery represented a breakthrough (1O, 11) in controlling z-pinch instabilities and was a major step forward in z-pinch load design for large pulsed- power generators [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the capsrde would be positioned at the: center of the hohlraum, between the two zpinches. The temperature drives within the hohlraums then wouild provide environments in which to better understand the dynamics of hohlraums, capsule ablator bum-thrcough rates, and shock propagation velocities using NH-relevant pulse shapes and hohlraum sizes prior to the~completion of NIF [9,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of a Z-pinch x-ray source for heating inertial-confinement-fusion relevant hohlraums to 120–160 eV

et al. 2000

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JU@ /-72&')(j 0s7/ 'AbstractA z-pinch radiation source has been developed that generates 6W20 lc.1of x-rays with a peak power of 13*4 TW through a 4-mm diameter axial aperture on the Z facility. The source has heated ND? (National Ignition Facility)-scale (6-mm diameter by 7-mm high) hohlraums to 122&6 eV and reduced-scale (4-mm diameter by 4-mm high) hohlraurns to 155*8 eV --providing environments suitable for indirect-drive ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) studies.Eulerian-RMHC (radiation-hydrodynamics code) simulations that take into account the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the r-z plane provide integrated calculations of the implosion, x-ray generation, and hohlraurn heating, as well as estimates of wall motion and plasma fill within the hohlraums. Lagrangian-RMHC simulations su'ggestthat the addition of a 6 mg/cm3 C~fill in the reduced-scale hohlraum decreases hohlmum inner-wall velocity by -40% with only a 3-5 % decrease in peak temperature, in agreement with measurements.

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Section: Experimental Arrangementfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of a Z-pinch x-ray source for heating inertial-confinement-fusion relevant hohlraums to 120–160 eV

et al. 2000

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“…A high level of azimuthal symmetry (i.e. high wire number in a cylindrically symmetric configuration) is believed to be important in producing high x-ray powers as a symmetrical implosion produces a more uniform shell with smaller radial width, better convergence of the mass and current, and a higher level of mass participation in x-ray production [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar wire array performance scaling at multi-MA levels on the Saturn generator.

Chuvatin

Jones²,

Vesey³

et al. 2007

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A series of twelve shots were performed on the Saturn generator in order to conduct an initial evaluation of the planar wire array z-pinch concept at multi-MA current levels. Planar wire arrays, in which all wires lie in a single plane, could offer advantages over standard cylindrical wire arrays for driving hohlraums for inertial confinement fusion studies as the surface area of the electrodes in the load region (which serve as hohlraum walls) may be substantially reduced. In these experiments, mass and array width scans were performed using tungsten wires. A maximum total radiated x-ray power of 10±2 TW was observed with 20 mm wide arrays imploding in ∼100 ns at a load current of ∼3 MA, limited by the high inductance. Decreased power in the 4-6 TW range was observed at the smallest width studied (8 mm). 10 kJ of Al K-shell x-rays were obtained in one Al planar array fielded. This report will discuss the zero-dimensional calculations used to design the loads, the results of the experiments, and potential future research to determine if planar wire arrays will continue to scale favorably at current levels typical of the Z machine. Implosion dynamics will be discussed, including x-ray self-emission imaging used to infer the velocity of the implosion front and the potential role of trailing mass. Resistive heating has been previously cited as the cause for enhanced yields observed in excess of jxB-coupled energy. The analysis presented in this report suggests that jxBcoupled energy may explain as much as the energy in the first x-ray pulse but not the total yield, which is similar to our present understanding of cylindrical wire array behavior.4 Acknowledgment

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“…The degree of magnetic compression of the axial plasma cylinder depends on both its azimuthal and axial symmetries, with improved symmetry resulting in increased x-ray power. The azimuthal symmetry of a z-pinch depends essentially on the number of wires comprising the array: a larger number of wires leads to better azimuthal symmetry [2,3]. A z-pinch's axial symmetry primarily depends on the wirearray initiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

New paradigm : controlling initiation phase is necessary for optimization of wire-array z-pinch performance.

Rosenthal¹,

Sarkisov

Sanford³

2008

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The initiation phase of a wire-array is of paramount importance for achieving an axially homogeneous z-pinch and reproducible, high x-ray power. The significance of wire-array initiation during current prepulse for z-pinch performance has not been widely acknowledged. To achieve new levels of progress in wire-array z-pinch physics it is necessary to accept the importance of initiation physics, and to implement diagnostics of array initiation. This communication provides a brief review pointing out the need to control the initiation phase of a wire array for optimum z-pinch performance, and suggesting why multi-MA wire-array z-pinch experiments fail to meet MHD expectations.

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Improved Symmetry Greatly Increases X-Ray Power from Wire-ArrayZ-Pinches

Cited by 286 publications

References 8 publications

Dynamics of a Z-pinch x-ray source for heating inertial-confinement-fusion relevant hohlraums to 120–160 eV

Dynamics of a Z-pinch x-ray source for heating inertial-confinement-fusion relevant hohlraums to 120–160 eV

Planar wire array performance scaling at multi-MA levels on the Saturn generator.

New paradigm : controlling initiation phase is necessary for optimization of wire-array z-pinch performance.

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