Improved Statistical Model on the Effect of Random Errors in the Phase and Amplitude of Element Excitations on the Array Radiation Pattern

Biggelaar, A.J. van den; Johannsen, Ulf; Mattheijssen, P.; Smolders, A.B.

doi:10.1109/tap.2018.2800519

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Then, the average variance at certain  and  can be higher than the average variance with no mutual coupling. If designers are interested in the maximum probability of exceeding a certain SLL, the probability of SLL calculating at an angle where h is highest as previous works did [6], [7], [9] will not always the maximum probability. In Section VIb, a statistical analysis of this behavior is presented.…”

Section: A Expected Valuementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In this paper, Dolph-chebyshev window that is one of the popular amplitude tapering is used for sidelobe suppression. In addition, Amn is normalized to make the maximum level of the RP unity, as was done in previous work [6], [7], [9]. For simplicity, we assume Vant and  are equal to 1.…”

Section: Cause Of Rp Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Real and imaginary components of the antenna RP are commonly assumed to follow the Gaussian distribution by the central limit theorem. Therefore, the magnitude of the RP can be modeled with Beckmann and Rician distribution functions [6], [9].…”

Section: A Beckmann and Rician Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since the variances of the real and imaginary parts of the RP were assumed to be equal and independent for the Rician distribution, these studies would underestimate RP distortion. In [9], it was shown that the Beckmann distribution provides a more accurate analysis, but only the random error was considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Accurate Statistical Model of Radiation Patterns in Analog Beamforming Including Random Error, Quantization Error, and Mutual Coupling

Lee

Song

2021

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Section: A Expected Valuementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Cause Of Rp Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Beckmann and Rician Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Accurate Statistical Model of Radiation Patterns in Analog Beamforming Including Random Error, Quantization Error, and Mutual Coupling

Lee

Song

2021

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…Although such a methodological approach does not recur to any approximation and it allows the testing of realistic arrays modeled with very accurate computer-aided simulation tools, the intrinsic need to run a statistically meaningful number of simulations turns out to be prohibitive because of the rapidly growing computational burden due to the huge set of admissible error configurations also in case of small arrays. As for the computation of the probability of exceeding a user-chosen SLL value, improved statistical models, devoted to describe the distribution of the magnitude of the array amplitude pattern, have been proposed [15], as well. Recently, analytic techniques based on the arithmetic of intervals and on the theory of the Interval Analysis [16] [17] have been introduced to efficiently compute the tolerance bounds of the radiated power pattern and of the related features of an antenna affected by errors and uncertainties laying within known intervals of values.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Interval Analysis for the Analytic Prediction of the Pattern Tolerance Distribution in Linear Phased Arrays With Random Excitation Errors

Rocca

Anselmi

Benoni

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A statistical approach based on the Interval Analysis (IA) is proposed for the analysis of the effects, on the radiation patterns radiated by phased arrays, of random errors and tolerances in the amplitudes and phases of the array-elements excitations. Starting from the efficient, reliable, and inclusive computation of the bounds of the complex-valued interval array pattern function by means of IA, an analytic method is presented to yield closed-form expressions for the probability of occurrence of a user-chosen value of the power pattern or of its features within the corresponding IA-derived bounds. A set of numerical examples is reported and discussed to assess the reliability of the proposed probabilistic interval analysis (PIA) method with the results from Monte Carlo simulations as well as to point out its effectiveness and potentialities/advantages/efficiency in real applications of great industrial interest.

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Closed‐loop controlled microwave beamformer

Fabiani

Oliveira

Vieira

et al. 2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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This article presents the design and tests of a closed‐loop controlled microwave beamformer for phased arrays. The proposed circuit owns an internal reference signal used to automatically set predefined amplitudes and phases of the beamformer branches. This signal is applied to the branches through directional couplers with high directivity and propagates in them similar to the actual signals coming from the antenna array. As a consequence of this architecture, we found that the impedance mismatch between the antennas and the beamformer as well as the mutual coupling in the array is taken into account during calibration, resulting in a more accurate adjustment of amplitudes and phases. In this work, the influence of the mutual coupling between the antennas and the directivity of the couplers on the beamforming calibration uncertainty is also analyzed. From the derived uncertainties, the corresponding pattern degradation is evaluated by performing Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that using couplers with low directivity together with tightly coupled arrays can produce undesirable main lobe squints of up to 4.5°, main lobe level deviations of up to 4.2 dB, and side lobe level variations of up to 24 dB. On the other hand, the use of high directivity couplers can mitigate these problems. Lastly, the validation of the designed circuit is conducted in two stages: bench tests and measurements in an anechoic chamber with an array of six printed monopoles operating at 2.2 GHz. Amplitude and phase calibration errors less than 0.5 dB and 3°, respectively, were observed in the bench tests.

show abstract

Improved Statistical Model on the Effect of Random Errors in the Phase and Amplitude of Element Excitations on the Array Radiation Pattern

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Accurate Statistical Model of Radiation Patterns in Analog Beamforming Including Random Error, Quantization Error, and Mutual Coupling

Accurate Statistical Model of Radiation Patterns in Analog Beamforming Including Random Error, Quantization Error, and Mutual Coupling

Probabilistic Interval Analysis for the Analytic Prediction of the Pattern Tolerance Distribution in Linear Phased Arrays With Random Excitation Errors

Closed‐loop controlled microwave beamformer

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