Improved simulation of tropospheric ozone by a global-multi-regional two-way  coupling model system

Yan, Yingying; Lin, Jintai; Chen, Jinxuan; Hu, Li

doi:10.5194/acp-16-2381-2016

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Figure 10 compare the spatial distributions of modeled (the control simulation) and observed 2004-2012 average daily, daytime, and nighttime mean ozone over the US. The control simulation overestimates the observed ozone, especially over the eastern US, a common problem in chemical transport models (Fiore et al, 2009;Lin et al, 2008b;Stevenson et al, 2006;Yan et al, 2016;Young et al, 2013). Model biases are about 8.8, 6.3, and 10.4 ppb for the daily, daytime, and nighttime mean ozone, respectively, averaged over the US.…”

Section: Effects Of Emissions and Climate Variability On Ozone Revealmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone trends over the United States at different times of day

Yan

Lin

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. In the United States, the decline of summertime daytime peak ozone in the last 20 years has been clearly connected to reductions in anthropogenic emissions. However, questions remain about how and through what mechanisms ozone at other times of day have changed over recent decades. Here we analyze the interannual variability and trends of ozone at different hours of day, using observations from about 1000 US sites during 1990-2014. We find a clear diurnal cycle both in the magnitude of ozone trends and in the relative importance of climate variability versus anthropogenic emissions to ozone changes. Interannual climate variability has mainly been associated with the detrended fluctuation in the US annual daytime ozone over 1990-2014, with a much smaller effect on the nighttime ozone. Reductions in anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides have led to substantial growth in the US annual average nighttime ozone due to reduced ozone titration, while the summertime daytime ozone has declined. Environmental policymaking might consider further improvements to reduce ozone levels at night and other non-peak hours.

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Section: Effects Of Emissions and Climate Variability On Ozone Revealmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…php/Main_Page) to simulate the US surface ozone changes over 2004-2012. GEOS-Chem has been used extensively for ozone studies (e.g., Shen et al, 2015;Fu et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2016;Zhang and Wang, 2016). Here, the model is run at a horizontal resolution of 2.5 • long.…”

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone trends over the United States at different times of day

Yan

Lin

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Several studies have demonstrated that a better representation of the long-range transport of NO x reservoir species such as peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) are important on simulated NO 2 in the free troposphere in remote areas (e.g., Hudman et al, 2004;Fischer et al, 2010Fischer et al, , 2014Jiang et al, 2016). A two-way nesting between regional and coarse-resolution global models (e.g., Yan et al, 2016) is able to consider both small-scale processes inside focusing regions and long-range transport over the globe, which has an advantage over regional models. An important advantage of global high-resolution models over regional models and two-way nesting systems is the ability to simulate NO 2 concentration fields at high resolutions over the entire globe across urban, biomass burning, and remote regions in a consistent framework.…”

Section: Nonlinearity In Model Error Reductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the budget terms of global tropospheric O 3 differ significantly between simulations. High-resolution Yan et al (2016), and Williams et al (2017). The latitudinal distributions of O 3 differences between simulations were determined by both chemical (e.g., weakened chemical ozone production in the tropics) and transport (e.g., strengthened downwelling from extratropical stratosphere and upper tropospheric poleward motions from the tropics to the extratropics) processes.…”

Section: Tropospheric No 2 -Related Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global high-resolution simulations of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide using CHASER V4.0

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We evaluate global tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) simulations using the CHASER V4.0 global chemical transport model (CTM) at horizontal resolutions of 0.56, 1.1, and 2.8 • . Model evaluation was conducted using satellite tropospheric NO 2 retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) and aircraft observations from the 2014 Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPÉ). Agreement against satellite retrievals improved greatly at 1.1 and 0.56 • resolutions (compared to 2.8 • resolution) over polluted and biomass burning regions. The 1.1 • simulation generally captured the regional distribution of the tropospheric NO 2 column well, whereas 0.56 • resolution was necessary to improve the model performance over areas with strong local sources, with mean bias reductions of 67 % over Beijing and 73 % over San Francisco in summer. Validation using aircraft observations indicated that high-resolution simulations reduced negative NO 2 biases below 700 hPa over the Denver metropolitan area. These improvements in high-resolution simulations were attributable to (1) closer spatial representativeness between simulations and observations and (2) better representation of large-scale concentration fields (i.e., at 2.8 • ) through the consideration of small-scale processes. Model evaluations conducted at 0.5 and 2.8 • bin grids indicated that the contributions of both these processes were comparable over most polluted regions, whereas the latter effect (2) made a larger contribution over eastern China and biomass burning areas. The evaluations presented in this paper demonstrate the potential of using a high-resolution global CTM for studying megacity-scale air pollutants across the entire globe, potentially also contributing to global satellite retrievals and chemical data assimilation.

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“…Given these limitations, our performance is similar to what some others have obtained (Zhang et al, 2008;Nopmongcol, 2016). However, Zhang et al (2014), who reduced lightning NO x emissions, Travis et al (2016), who reduced lightning and anthropogenic NO x emissions, and Yan et al (2016), who used three two-way nested models within GEOS-Chem, obtained better performance than we did. Fiore et al (2014) also found better performance for GEOS-Chem in their analysis corresponding to Fig.…”

Section: Model Performance For Geos-chemmentioning

confidence: 47%

Contributions of foreign, domestic and natural emissions to US ozone estimated using the path-integral method in CAMx nested within GEOS-Chem

Dunker¹,

Koo

Yarwood

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The Goddard Earth Observing System global chemical transport (GEOS-Chem) model was used at 2 • × 2.5 • resolution to simulate ozone formation for a base case representing year 2010 and a natural background case without worldwide anthropogenic emissions. These simulations provided boundary concentrations for base and natural background simulations with the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) on a North American domain (one-way nested) at 12 km × 12 km resolution over March-September 2010. The predicted maximum daily average 8 h (MDA8) background ozone for the US is largest in the mountainous areas of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and California. The background MDA8 ozone in some of these locations exceeds 60 ppb, when averaged over the 10 days with the largest base-case ozone (T10base average). The background ozone generally becomes both a larger fraction of the base-case ozone in the western US and a smaller fraction in the eastern US when proceeding from spring to summer to the T10base average. The ozone difference between the base and background cases represents the increment to ozone from all anthropogenic sources. The path-integral method was applied to allocate this anthropogenic ozone increment to US anthropogenic emissions, Canadian/Mexican anthropogenic emissions, and the anthropogenic components of the lateral and top boundary concentrations (BCs). Using the T10base average MDA8 ozone, the relative importance of the sources is generally US emissions > anthropogenic lateral BCs > Canadian/Mexican emissions anthropogenic top BCs. Specifically, for 10 US urban areas, the source contributions were 12-53 ppb for US emissions, 3-9 ppb for lateral BCs, 0.2-3 ppb for Canadian/Mexican emissions, and ≤ 0.1 ppb for top BCs. The contributions of the lateral BCs are largest for the higherelevation US sites in the Intermountain West and along the western boundary of the domain. In Denver, for example, the lateral BCs contribute 44 % to the T10base anthropogenic increment. Averaging over the 10 days in the background case with the largest MDA8 ozone (T10bkgd), the contribution from US emissions is reduced to 3-13 ppb at the 10 urban sites, leading to a reduction in the anthropogenic ozone increment. The contribution of the Canadian/Mexican emissions remains about the same (0.3-2 ppb), and the contribution from the lateral BCs increases (5-10 ppb), especially at the lower-elevation urban sites. The net effect at the urban sites is that the relative importance of the anthropogenic lateral BCs is significantly greater for the T10bkgd average than the T10base average. This is also true for rural sites studied, where the anthropogenic lateral BC contribution becomes as large as 68 % of the anthropogenic increment for the T10bkgd average. In addition to the source apportionment, we also used surface and ozonesonde measurements to evaluate GEOS-Chem and CAMx performance.

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Improved simulation of tropospheric ozone by a global-multi-regional two-way coupling model system

Cited by 50 publications

References 77 publications

Ozone trends over the United States at different times of day

Ozone trends over the United States at different times of day

Global high-resolution simulations of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide using CHASER V4.0

Contributions of foreign, domestic and natural emissions to US ozone estimated using the path-integral method in CAMx nested within GEOS-Chem

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