Improved seed health tests for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in common bean

He, Yiqing

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-279

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…It is generally endemic in bean growing areas under high temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity (Saettler, 1991). Infected seeds constitute the major source of inoculum (He, 2010). Breeding for host plant resistance is reported as the most effective and long term measure to control the disease (Durham, 2011;Fourie et al, 2011) and many CBB resistant lines have been developed in this regard (Singh and Miklas, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of common bean genotypes with dual leaf and pod resistance to common bacterial blight disease in Uganda

Alladassi¹,

Nkalubo²,

Mukankusi³

et al. 2018

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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Common Bacterial Blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans (Xapf), is a serious disease that affects common bean production worldwide. In Uganda, it is the most severe and widely occurring bacterial disease, causing significant yield losses in common bean. Although various sources of resistance have been developed around the world, none of the varieties grown in Uganda is known to be resistant. The objective of this study was to identify lines with combined leaf and pod resistance for introgression into locally adapted but susceptible Ugandan genotypes. A total of 132 common bean accessions was evaluated in a screenhouse and under field conditions, in an 11x12 alpha lattice design. Genotypes were inoculated with a local isolate in a screenhouse; while the plants were left to undergo natural infestation in field. Results indicated significant differences (P<0.001) in genotypic reactions against the CBB disease, with a range of disease scores of 2.2-7.8 on leaves and 2.6-7.1 on pods (1-9 CIAT disease scale), suggesting high genetic variability among the tested germplasm. Relatively low correlation (r = 0.39) was observed between leaf and pod reactions, suggesting differential expression of CBB resistance in these two plant organs. Overall, four genotypes, NE2-14-8, NE17-14-29, NE14-09-78 and VAX3, consistently showed resistance in both screenhouse and field evaluations, leaf and pod inoculations and at all sampling stages. These genotypes were, therefore, identified for transferring CBB resistance into Ugandan susceptible market class bean varieties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of common bean genotypes with dual leaf and pod resistance to common bacterial blight disease in Uganda

Alladassi¹,

Nkalubo²,

Mukankusi³

et al. 2018

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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“…Most economically disadvantaged farmers store and reuse the bean seed during planting (Otsyula 2016). This coupled with poor storage facilities cause a threat to bean farming and bean production (He, 2010).…”

Section: Economic Importance Of Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv Phaseolimentioning

confidence: 99%

SCREENING OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

Chepkemboi¹,

Maingi²,

Nchore³

2020

EJB

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Purpose: To screen nine available bean genotypes for resistance to common bacterial blight disease under green house and field conditions.Methodology: Experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in a 9×2×2 factorial factor of 9 bean genotypes, grown in sterile or non-sterile soil and inoculated or non-inoculated (control) during the greenhouse and a 9×2 field screening of 9 bean genotypes, and inoculated or non-inoculated. During growth, data on plant height number of pods per plant, length of pods and size and number ofCBB spots was taken. Yield parameters were also assessed.Findings: The findings from the experiment revealed a significant variation (P<0.05) on the entire traits studied among the nine bean genotypes. Data from the field and greenhouse experiments were in conformity. None of the evaluated genotype was immune to CBB. In the green house, it was observed that disease symptoms were severe in beans planted in non-sterile soil and inoculated with Xap compared to those planted in sterile soil and non-inoculated respectively.Contribution to practice and policy: There was a strong positive correlation between size and number of CBB spots and growth and yield parameters. CAL77 and Cal 156A genotypes exhibited high levels of resistance to CBB which could improve the bean yields resulting to sufficient food supply, improved nutrition, health and improvement of the source of income to the local communities

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“…It has, however, been indicated that the development of X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli epidemics are depended on the level of horizontal resistance and climatic conditions rather than the population size of Xap in bean seeds and also had a significant higher percentage of seed to seedling transmission than Xapf [65]. Xap also survives on weeds and other host plants, and certain weed species may harbor the pathogen for up to 6 months [62].…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) of Beans with Special Focus on Ethiopian Condition

Baştaş¹,

Kk²

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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Common bacterial blight (CBB) is the most devastating factor that affects common bean crops in all common bean growing areas. This review was to review with an objective of reviewing the biology, economic importance of CBB of common bean crop disease and its management options, with an emphasis on the future research direction and priorities. CBB disease, caused by the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and its fuscans variant Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans (Xff) is the major bottleneck in bean production in the world as well as in Ethiopia. It is a serious bacterial disease of common bean which causes lesions on the leaves, stems, pods and seeds of the plant. The disease affects seed quality and can reduce yield by up to 45%, may be more in susceptible cultivars. CBB is very difficult to control due to seed-borne nature of the bacteria and its capacity to produce huge amounts of secondary inoculum. Since the disease is very important in causing economic losses of yields on bean crop, developing and using effective and appropriate management options is unquestionable. Using resistant varieties supplemented with chemical seed treatment and proper cultural practices could be the best alternative options in managing common bacterial blight of common bean and avoiding yield loss. In general, integrated disease management is the preferred strategy because of increased understanding on residual effects of chemical control on non-target organisms and environment as well as the limitation of a single alternative management option to achieve the same level of control and reliability as that of chemical. In the case of Ethiopia, emphasis should be given to developing multi line resistance varieties by suitable breeding practice and developing molecular markers to enhance marker assisted selection.

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Improved seed health tests for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in common bean

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Identification of common bean genotypes with dual leaf and pod resistance to common bacterial blight disease in Uganda

Identification of common bean genotypes with dual leaf and pod resistance to common bacterial blight disease in Uganda

SCREENING OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

Common Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) of Beans with Special Focus on Ethiopian Condition

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