Improved RIDIT statistic approach provides more intuitive and informative interpretation of EQ-5D data

Abstract

Background: EQ-5D is generic measure of health-related quality of life. Studies using EQ-5D generate ordinal data that are interpreted as categories ordered by severity. New analytic approaches taking into account the ordinal nature of the health dimension severity and leading to a better interpretation of EQ-5D data are needed to better elucidate differences in health-related quality of life. We propose utilizing the Improved RIDIT statistical method to analyze EQ-5D outcomes. Methods: 556 Moroccan participants aged over 18 years representing four chronic diseases: back pain (n = 158), renal insufficiency (n = 56), diabetes (n = 82) or hypertension (n = 80) and healthy subjects (n = 180). All participants received the two EQ-5D versions. Two other published data sets were included. The first was extracted from a diabetic Spain study and the second was extracted from a clinical trial study. The Improved RIDIT analyses were carried out using an R statistic program we developed. Results: Applying the Improved RIDIT on the EQ-5D data allowed estimating for the first time the ordinal odds, the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) or the Absolute Risk Increase (ARI) and the Number Needed to Treat. The ARI values estimated for Moroccan patients showed that (i) hypertension increased anxiety/depression by 66% and reduced mobility by 65%; (ii) back pain increased pain/discomfort by 69%; (iii) renal insufficiency impacts mobility (ARI = 57%, odds ordinal = 9.95) and usual activities (ARI = 44%, odds ordinal = 6.41) and (iv) diabetes acts only on anxiety/depression (ARI = 50%, odds ordinal = 4.8). Also, we demonstrated that the approach works well in clinical trials. Conclusions: Improved RIDIT provides more intuitive and informative interpretation of the EQ-5D data by (1) taking into account the level severity; estimating (2) the odds ordinal, (3) the ARR/ARI and the NNT; (4) analyzing the five dimensions of the EQ-5D separately, which gives clinical teams more precision in understanding the treatment/ pathology impacts on the health status and completes the EQ-5D data analysis based on score utilities.

Health-related quality of life and behavior-related lifestyle changes due to the COVID-19 home confinement: Dataset from a Moroccan sample

“…For utility and VAS which are continuous variables the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the global health status pair and multiple comparisons, respectively. For each EQ-5D-5L dimension which characterized by ordinal variable representing the severity level we used the Improved RIDIT approach [8] . This approach takes into account the severity level of the EQ-5D-5L dimensions, which permits to estimate the Absolute Risk Reduction/Absolute Risk Increase (ARR/ARI) and the ordinal odds ratio.…”

“…Two circumstantial conditions were considered (before and during the home confinement). Description of data collection Two datasets were provided: (1) EQ-5D-5L data from 484 individuals before confinement [8] and (2) EQ-5D-5L and behavior-related lifestyle from 573 individuals during the home confinement. The latter dataset was collected using an anonymous online questionnaire in Moroccan Arabic dialect between May 9, and May 30, 2020.…”

“…To evaluate the impact of the home confinement on the HRQoL, the data collected from participants during confinement were compared to a dataset of 484 participants from another study we carried out before confinement using the EQ-5D-5L instrument [8] . The EQ-5D-5L responses’ distributions were presented on Fig.…”

“…These data can help the Moroccan authorities and other countries to more understand the impact of this crisis on citizens and therefore to set up adequate protocols for managing the post-confinement or possible future crisis. We provided two datasets: (1) data we collected before confinement from a sample of 484 individuals describing their HRQoL [8] and (2) data we collected during the home confinement period from a sample of 537 individuals describing their HRQoL and behavior-related lifestyle.…”

An Excel program for calculating statistics presented in Marfak et al.’s article ‘Improved RIDIT statistic approach provides more intuitive and informative interpretation of EQ-5D Data’

“…In our article 'Improved RIDIT statistic approach provides more intuitive and informative interpretation of EQ-5D data' [1], we presented the theoretical bases of the Improved RIDIT method as well as its application for studying the effect of a disease or a treatment on the quality of life evaluated by the EQ-5D instrument.…”