Improved production of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in the elicited microshoot cultures of Schisandra chinensis (Chinese magnolia vine)

Abstract

Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are a specific group of secondary metabolites that occur solely in Schisandra chinensis. The aim of the presented work was to boost the accumulation of lignans in the agitated microshoot cultures of S. chinensis, using different elicitation schemes. The experiments included testing of various concentrations and supplementation times of cadmium chloride (CdCl2), chitosan (Ch), yeast extract (YeE), methyl jasmonate (MeJa), and permeabilizing agent—dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). After 30 days, the microshoots were harvested and evaluated for growth parameters and lignan content by LC-DAD method. The analyses showed enhanced production of lignans in the elicited S. chinensis microshoots, whereas the respective media samples contained only trace amounts of the examined compounds (< 5 mg/l). Elicitation with CdCl2 caused up to 2-fold increase in the total lignan content (max. ca. 730 mg/100 g DW after the addition of 1000 μM CdCl2 on the tenth day). Experiments with chitosan resulted in up to 1.35-fold increase in lignan concentration (max. ca. 500 mg/100 g DW) after the supplementation with 50 mg/l on the first day and 200 mg/l on the tenth day. High improvement of lignan production was also recorded after YeE elicitation. After the elicitation with 5000 mg/l of YeE on the first day of the growth period, and with 1000 and 3000 mg/l on the 20th day, the lignan production increased to the same degree—about 1.8-fold. The supplementation with 1000 mg/l YeE on the 20th day of the growth cycle was chosen as the optimal elicitation scheme, for the microshoot cultures maintained in Plantform temporary immersion system—the total content of the estimated lignans was equal to 831.6 mg/100 g DW.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00253-017-8640-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Elicitation-Based Method for Increasing the Production of Antioxidant and Bactericidal Phenolic Compounds in Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis Tissue

“…One of the most common agents used in elicitation of phenolic derivatives in plants is chitosan. Chitosan was reported to increase phytoalexin production in R. graveolens [41], stimulate lignans accumulation in Schisandra chinensis [19] and affect higher accumulation of TPC in Orthosiphon stamineus [42]. Moreover, the application of chitosan, yeasts extract or precursor feeding in elicitation of PLU in Plumbago roots cultures is popular [11,12,43,44].…”

“…The most common technique for in vitro plant propagation is the cultivation of whole plants or plant organs on solid medium with agar. However, modifications of this basic technique, such as culture in liquid media (LM) [18] or temporary immersion bioreactors [19,20], allow for greater plant biomass or plant-derived compounds production. In this study, for the first time, we show how cultivation of the Venus flytrap in LM with rotary shaking affects the plant's secondary metabolites accumulation and biomass production, in comparison to traditional solid medium (SM)-experiment 1.…”

Phytochemical and biotechnological studies on Schisandra chinensis cultivar Sadova No. 1—a high utility medicinal plant

“…Hitherto, we have analysed SL in fruit and leaf extracts from Sch (Szopa and Ekiert 2011 ). Moreover, different types of Sch in vitro cultures (agar, agitated, stationary liquid and bioreactor-grown), were analysed which can be considered as a potential alternative source of aforementioned compounds (Szopa et al 2016b , 2017b , 2018 ).…”

Phytochemical studies and biological activity of three Chinese Schisandra species (Schisandra sphenanthera, Schisandra henryi and Schisandra rubriflora): current findings and future applications

“…In vitro cultures of the species S. chinensis are the object of interest of select research centres in the world: Japanese, Czech, and Polish. To date, micropropagation protocols for this species have been developed (Březinová et al 2010;Kohda et al 2012;Szopa et al 2016bSzopa et al , 2017bSzopa et al , 2018. Studies on the endogenous accumulation of secondary metabolites in S. chinensis in vitro cultures are of increasing popularity.…”

“…S. chinensis shoot cultures cultivated by us have been used to conduct tests on the optimization of culture parameters-selection of culture type, composition of culture medium, culture system and illumination conditions. In addition, the process of growing cultures in various types of bioreactors has been optimized (Szopa and Ekiert 2012, 2016, Szopa et al 2016b, 2017b, 2018. The concentrations of lignans obtained in the in vitro grown biomass are considerable, based on ESI-MS/MS and LC-DAD assays, similar to the amounts of these compounds in the material grown in vivo.…”