Improved production of deglucosylated platycodin D from saponins from balloon flower leaf by a food-grade enzyme using high hydrostatic pressure

Abstract

Platycosides, saponins contained in balloon flower, which have been used as food health supplements for respiratory diseases, have diverse pharmacological effects. Platycosides exhibit better pharmacological activity by hydrolyzing their own sugars. However, to date, there have been no studies on the production of deglucosylated platycodin D suitable for food applications. In this study, Pluszyme 2000P, which was derived from Aspergillus niger, a food-grade microorganism, was used to completely convert platycoside E into deglucosylated platycodin D. For an efficient and economical production of deglucosylated platycodin D, the productivity was improved approximately 2.4 times by application of high hydrostatic pressure and the discarded balloon flower leaf was used as a substrate. As a result, deglucosylated platycodin D was produced with the highest concentration (3.49 mg/mL) and productivity (581.7 mg/L/h) reported so far. Our results contribute to functional saponin production and the related food industries.

Application of Food-Grade Enzymes, Bacteriocins And Probiotics as Biological Food Preservatives

“…According to figure 1, the addition of the T. polium EO in several different concentrations in different samples significantly increases the count of L. casei during the time of storage that is 20 days (Shin et al 2021). Moreover, the effect of combining the probiotics and the extraction of the medical plant might be the new and latest approach for their complementary effects of antimicrobial and practically it has no side effects.…”

Production of Deglucose-Apiose-Xylosylated Platycosides from Glycosylated Platycosides by Crude Enzyme from Aspergillus tubingensis

“…Platycoside standards, including PE, PD3, PD, deA-PD, PGD3, and PGD, were purchased from Ambo Laboratories (Republic of Korea). Other platycoside standards, such as deglucosylated (deG)-PD and deG-PGD; deapiose-xylosylated (deAX)-PD and deAX-PGD; deGAX-PD and deGAX-PGD; and deA-PGD, deglucose-apiosylated (deGA)-PD, and deGA-PGD, were prepared by purifying the products obtained from the conversions of PD and PGD using Pluszyme 2000P [ 22 ], Cytolase PCL5 [ 32 ], and the crude enzyme from A. tubingensis and those of PGD, deG-PD, and deG-PGD using the crude enzyme from R. oryzae [ 31 ], respectively. The prepared platycosides were purified using the preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC) (Agilent 1260, USA) with a Hydrosphere C18 preparative column (10 × 250 mm, 5 μm particle size; YMC, Japan).…”

“…As enzymatic hydrolysis provides higher specificity, efficiency, and yield than any other method, it is the one most often employed for the deglycosylation of platycosides. The glucose moiety at C-3 of platycoside is hydrolyzed by β-glucosidases from Aspergillus niger as the commercial enzyme Pluszyme 2000P [ 22 ], Aspergillus usamii [ 23 ], Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis [ 24 ], Caldicellulosiruptor bescii [ 25 ], and Dictyoglomus turgidum [ 26 ], laminarinase from Trichoderma sp. [ 27 ], snailase (a complex of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, and β-glucuronidase) from snails [ 28 ], and cellulase from Trichoderma reesei [ 29 ], which showed no activity for the oligosaccharide moiety at C-28.…”