Improved Production and Antitumor Properties of Triterpene Acids from Submerged Culture of Ganoderma lingzhi

Abstract

Triterpene acids (TAs) are the major bioactive constituents in the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lingzhi. However, fermentative production of TAs has not been optimized for commercial use, and whether the TAs isolated from G. lingzhi submerged culture mycelia possess antitumor activity needs to be further proven. In this study, enhanced TA yield and productivity were attained with G. lingzhi using response surface methodology. The interactions of three variables were studied using a Box-Benhnken design, namely initial pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and fermentation temperature. The optimum conditions were an initial pH of 5.9, 20.0% DO and 28.6 ○ C. These conditions resulted in a TA yield of 308.1 mg/L in a 5-L stirred bioreactor. Furthermore, the optimized conditions were then successfully scaled up to a production scale of 200 L, and maximum TA production and productivity of 295.3 mg/L and 49.2 mg/L/day were achieved, which represented 80.9% and 111.5% increases, respectively, compared with the non-optimized conditions. Additionally, the triterpene acid extract (TAE) from G. lingzhi mycelia was found to be cytotoxic to the SMMC-7721 and SW620 cell lines in vitro, and the TAE exhibited dose-dependent antitumor activity against the solid tumor sarcoma 180 in vivo. Chemical analysis revealed that the key active triterpene compounds, ganoderic acid T and ganoderic acid Me, predominated in the extract.

A Critical Review on Health Promoting Benefits of Edible Mushrooms through Gut Microbiota

“…GLPS 3 inhibits pancreatitis through microbiota regulation. In a similar way, two other species of reishi mushroom possess several pharmacological properties, including antioxidant [ 19 ], antitumor [ 20 ], and hepatoprotective activities [ 21 ]. In an interesting study ethanolic extract of G. lucidum showed an appreciable amount of antioxidant compounds and also good free radical scavenging effects of different free radicals.…”

The characteristic, antioxidative and multiple organ protective of acidic-extractable mycelium polysaccharides by Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis on high-fat emulsion induced-hypertriglyceridemic mice

“…tuoliensis usually showed various biological activities, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory and protective effects on hepatocytes 12 , 13 . Furthermore, the submerged fermentation technique with the short period, high yield and high-purity, is widely applied in the production of mycelia 14 and provide a useful applications for the production of rare mushroom. Moreover, the assistant methods of enzymatic, acidic and alkalic in traditional extraction process have been demonstrate beneficial for the production and quality of polysaccharides owing to the changes of physicochemical properties 15 .…”

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“…The previous reports on Ganoderma genus revealed that it is having anti-cancer 5 , antiviral 6 , hepatoprotective 7 , antidiabetic 8 , antiinflammatory 9 , antihyperlipidemic activity 10 and anti-oxidant 11,12 . The Ganoderma species possess mainly steroids, triterpenoids and polyphenols 13 .…”