Improved power factor of polyaniline nanocomposites with exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)

Mayor, Begoña Abad; Alda, Irene; Díaz-Chao, P.; Kawakami, Hiroshi; Almarza, Albert; Amantia, David; Gueorguiev, David; Aubouy, Laurent; Martín‐González, Marisol

doi:10.1039/c3ta12105d

Cited by 99 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…[ 12,13 ] Interestingly, the thermal conductivity of bulk polymers as well as conjugated macromolecules can be tuned by controlling molecular orientation. [14][15][16] In order to increase the modest electrical conductivity of polymers, a number of strategies have been proposed, including careful doping, [ 4,11,[17][18][19][20][21] making composites of polymers with conductive fi llers such as CNTs, [22][23][24] or fabricating multilayer composite A broad range of organic electronic applications rely on the availability of both p-and n-type organic semiconductors, and the possibility to deposit them as sequential layers or to form spatial patterns. Examples include transport layers in diodes (OLEDs, photovoltaics, etc.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201505521mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced p‐ to n‐type Switching in Thermoelectric Polymer‐Carbon Nanotube Composites

et al. 2016

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma201505521mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced p‐ to n‐type Switching in Thermoelectric Polymer‐Carbon Nanotube Composites

et al. 2016

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“…The power factor of these organic materials is usually limited by low electrical conductivity and Seebeck coeffi cient (or thermopower), but the addition of carbon nanotubes and/or graphene have been shown to dramatically improve thermoelectric performance. [18][19][20] While remarkable progress has been achieved to-date in the preparation of organic thermoelectric nanocomposites using simple mixing, [ 21 ] in situ polymerization, [ 22 ] and polymer emulsions, [ 23 ] most of these techniques suffer from a lack of fi lm architecture/property control, ultimately producing TE performance far below that of inorganic-based composites. Layerby-layer (LbL) assembly of thin fi lms from water can be used to prepare well-organized, higher performance organic thermoelectrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outstanding Low Temperature Thermoelectric Power Factor from Completely Organic Thin Films Enabled by Multidimensional Conjugated Nanomaterials

Cho

Wallace

Tzeng

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

250

242

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between 2010 and 2040.[ 1 ] Sustainability is critical because current affordable energy, mainly from fossil fuels, is being rapidly depleted, while world demand increases. Even if the supply were unlimited, the use of fossil fuels is accompanied by environmental problems, such as pollution and the greenhouse effect. [ 2 ] Efforts to harness sustainable energy from solar, wind, nuclear, and other sources have shown promise, but cost and effi ciency remain signifi cant challenges to widespread adoption. Approximately 60% of all energy produced is wasted as heat, [ 3 ] which has driven the development of thermoelectric (TE) materials over the past two decades. [ 4 ] Heat is an abundant energy supply that can be harvested from a multitude of sources (engines, human body, etc.) with no moving parts. The TE performance is directly related to a dimensionless fi gureof-merit ( ZT = S 2 σ T κ −1 ), where S is the Seebeck coeffi cient, σ is the electrical conductivity, and κ is the thermal conductivity at a given temperature T . It is clear that a large σ and S , with a small κ , are desired to achieve high effi ciency ( ZT ≈ 1 corresponds to 4%-5% conversion effi ciency), [ 5 ] but there is a well-known confl ict among the three parameters that imposes limitations on traditional thermoelectric semiconductor development. [ 6 ] The best inorganic TE materials have achieved a ZT > 2, [ 7 ] but it should be noted that this value is measured at temperatures >600 K. The ZT of these materials at room temperature is <0.5, with a power factor (PF) <400 µW m −1 K −2 . These best commercially available materials are bismuth telluride-based alloys that are expensive and plagued by scarcity and toxicity concerns. Additionally, TE materials would need a ZT ≥ 3 to be effi cient enough to enter the power generation fi eld, making them commercially viable for more than niche applications. [ 8 ] Alternatively, low cost and lightweight materials that are printable (or paintable) could be useful even with relatively low conversion effi ciency.More recently, size effects in nanostructured systems such as nanowires, [ 9 ] quantum dots, [ 10 ] superlattices, [ 11 ] and a wide variety of composites with irregular nanosized inclusions have led to signifi cant improvements in thermoelectric efficiency over traditional bulk semiconductors. [ 12,13 ] For instance,In an effort to create a paintable/printable thermoelectric material, comprised exclusively of organic components, polyaniline (PANi), graphene, and double-walled nanotube (DWNT) are alternately deposited from aqueous solutions using the layer-by-layer assembly technique. Graphene and DWNT are stabilized with an intrinsically conductive polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). An 80 quadlayer thin fi lm (≈1 µm thick), comprised of a PANi/graphene-PEDOT:PSS/PANi/DWNT-PEDOT:PSS repeating sequence, exhibits unprecedented electrical conductivity ( σ ≈ 1.9 × 10 5 S m −1 ) and Seebeck coeffi cient ( S ≈ 120 µV K −1 ) for a completely organic material. These t...

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“…Relatively high filler loadings (>> 50 wt.%) can be realized [16], which result in quite high electrical conductivities [19,20,[23][24][25], while power factors being in the range of ~140 μW/mK -2 have been reported for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) matrix [22]. However, such high filler loadings may result also in a significant increase of thermal conductivity [15,26,27]. In addition, studies on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) only films (as bucky papers) have shown promising thermoelectric behavior which has been found to be related to the level of doping [28,29], as well as the dopant nature [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal energy harvesting for large-scale applications using MWCNT-grafted glass fibers and polycarbonate-MWCNT nanocomposites

Tzounis

Liebscher

Mäder

et al. 2015

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Improved power factor of polyaniline nanocomposites with exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)

Cited by 99 publications

References 56 publications

Photoinduced p‐ to n‐type Switching in Thermoelectric Polymer‐Carbon Nanotube Composites

Photoinduced p‐ to n‐type Switching in Thermoelectric Polymer‐Carbon Nanotube Composites

Outstanding Low Temperature Thermoelectric Power Factor from Completely Organic Thin Films Enabled by Multidimensional Conjugated Nanomaterials

Thermal energy harvesting for large-scale applications using MWCNT-grafted glass fibers and polycarbonate-MWCNT nanocomposites

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