Improved porosity and ionic sorption capacity of carbon particles prepared by spray pyrolysis from an aqueous sucrose/NaHCO₃/TEOS solution

Abstract

Porous carbon spheres were synthesized by spray pyrolysis from an aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium bicarbonate. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was tested as a porogen agent, and the microstructure and the porosity of carbon particles were investigated with changing TEOS content.According to the TEM and element mapping analysis, Si elements are uniformly distributed throughout the carbon matrix, and most of them are easily removed by ultrasonic washing with purified water. As a result, the surface area was increased by introducing TEOS into the spray solution. In particular, the external surface area of carbon can be largely increased by using TEOS, about 2.4 times larger than that of carbon produced without TEOS. The microstructure of carbon spheres was also influenced by the use of TEOS, which was discussed based on TEM, element mapping and XRD analysis. According to the evaluation of the electrochemical properties, the carbon prepared using TEOS exhibited enhanced specific capacitance, mainly due to an increase of the external surface area. The ion-sorption capacitance or the ion diffusion coefficient of carbon prepared by changing the TEOS content was found to have a linear relationship with the external surface area. These results demonstrate experimentally that adding TEOS to the precursor solution in the spray pyrolysis is a simple and effective way of producing highly mesoporous carbon spheres with improved electrochemical properties.

Porous polyaminoamides via an exotemplate synthesis approach for ultrahigh multimedia iodine adsorption

“…Traditional use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) as a foaming/ blowing agent is well known to generate porosity in the materials and thereby enhance surface area. [41][42][43][44] However, excess blowing mostly leads to macropores. So here we used partial blowing by heating it at 100 C. 45 1,2-Diaminooctane was chosen as a hydrophobic monomer to synthesize the hydrophobic polyaminoamide network.…”

Oxygen and Nitrogen Co‐enriched Sustainable Porous Carbon Hollow Microspheres from Sodium Lignosulfonate for Supercapacitors with High Volumetric Energy Densities

“…Because of different precipitation behavior of SLS and NaOH, the hydroxide NaOH was precipitated dispersedly at the SLS/NaOH composite shell and intensively in the core. [50,51] The dispersedly precipitated NaOH at the shell may be ultrafine nanoparticles with a size of 10-100 nm due to the ultrafast precipitation process, while much larger particle size could be obtained for intensively precipitated NaOH in the core with a relative longer precipitation time. During the subsequent thermal stabilization process, SLS was crosslinked to form a rigid precursor with NaOH crystals embedded in and acting as a hard template.…”

“…It can be speculated that during the spray drying procedure, fast‐water‐evaporation‐induced surface co‐precipitation of SLS and NaOH resulted in a SLS/NaOH composite shell. Because of different precipitation behavior of SLS and NaOH, the hydroxide NaOH was precipitated dispersedly at the SLS/NaOH composite shell and intensively in the core ,. The dispersedly precipitated NaOH at the shell may be ultrafine nanoparticles with a size of 10–100 nm due to the ultrafast precipitation process, while much larger particle size could be obtained for intensively precipitated NaOH in the core with a relative longer precipitation time.…”

Carbon-Oxalate (C-Ox) Practicum Waste as an Adsorbent Material Candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory

“…The morphology of CC, C-OxW, and C-OxDs were measured. SEM can determine the porosity of a sample (Min & Jung, 2017). Based on the SEM test, the pores of C-OxW were seen to be more than that of C-OxDs and CC.…”