Improved performance of mesoscopic perovskite solar cell using an accelerated crystalline formation method

Sidhik, Siraj; Esparza, Diego; Martínez-Benítez, Alejandro; López–Luke, Tzarara; Carriles, Ramón; Rosa, E. De la

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.08.056

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…More recently, an increasing number of studies indicate enhanced PCEs in connection with a diminished or even hysteresis-free behavior. This is typically achieved by improving the electron extraction and by reducing the number of surface traps, employing fullerene derivatives [6][7][8], electron selective layers such as SnO 2 [9][10][11] or ZnO [12], by optimizing the growth of the perovskite active layer [13,14], by impurity co-doping of the electron transfer layer [15] or of the perovskite absorber [16]. However, in general, as the employed measurement procedures are rather different and, in some cases, insufficiently controlled or specified, it is quite difficult to assess and compare the potential hysteretic effects: to what extent the hysteretic effects or their absence are truly related to fabrication methods or are a consequence of the measurement conditions?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

et al. 2018

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The dynamic effects observed in the J-V measurements represent one important hallmark in the behavior of the perovskite solar cells. Proper measurement protocols (MPs) should be employed for the experimental data reproducibility, in particular for a reliable evaluation of the power conversion efficiency (PCE), as well as for a meaningful characterization of the type and magnitude of the hysteresis. We discuss here several MPs by comparing the experimental J-V characteristics with simulated ones using the dynamic electrical model (DEM). Pre-poling conditions and bias scan rate can have a dramatic influence not only on the apparent solar cell performance, but also on the hysteretic phenomena. Under certain measurement conditions, a hysteresis-free behavior with relatively high PCEs may be observed, although the J-V characteristics may be far away from the stationary case. Furthermore, forward-reverse and reverse-forward bias scans show qualitatively different behaviors regarding the type of the hysteresis, normal and inverted, depending on the bias pre-poling. We emphasize here that correlated double-scans, forward-reverse or reverseforward, where the second scan is conducted in the opposite sweep direction and begins immediately after the first scan is complete, are essential for a correct assessment of the dynamic hysteresis. In this context, we define a hysteresis index which consistently assigns the hysteresis type and magnitude. Our DEM simulations, supported by experimental data, provide further guidance for an efficient and accurate determination of the stationary J-V characteristics, showing that the type and magnitude of the dynamic hysteresis may be affected by unintentional pre-conditioning in typical experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

et al. 2018

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“…[16] Figure 2s hows the surface morphology of annealed MAPbI 3 perovskite films prepared with different methanol additive With diethyle ther,i tc an be seen that the crystalsa re badly formed with the presence of pinholes.W ith addition of 1% methanol, as imilar morphology was observed. [19] Inversely, an excessive amount of DMSO in the intermediate phase also leads to inhomogeneous perovskite films with small grain size. The largest crystal size waso btained with the sample prepared by using 4% methanola lthough there was ab ig inhomogeneity in size between grains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] In addition, less DMSO in the intermediate phase also means that the time neededf or the phase change from perovskite intermediate phaset op erovskite film is accelerated. [19] Inversely, an excessive amount of DMSO in the intermediate phase also leads to inhomogeneous perovskite films with small grain size. Therefore, by adjusting the methanol ratio in the antisolvent,t he amount of DMSO in the perovskite intermediate phase that leads to ap inhole-free homogeneous perovskite film can be controlled to assist crystallization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Crystallization by Methanol Additive in Antisolvent for Achieving High‐Quality MAPbI₃ Perovskite Films in Humid Atmosphere

et al. 2018

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Perovskite solar cells have attracted considerable attention owing to their easy and low-cost solution manufacturing process with high power conversion efficiency. However, the fabrication process is usually performed inside a glovebox to avoid moisture, as organometallic halide perovskites are easily dissolved in water. In this study, we propose a one-step fabrication of high-quality MAPbI perovskite films in around 50 % relative humidity (RH) humid ambient air by using diethyl ether as an antisolvent and methanol as an additive into this antisolvent. Because of the presence of methanol, the water molecules can be efficiently removed from the gaps of the perovskite precursors and the perovskite film formation can be slightly controlled, leading to pinhole-free and low roughness films. Concurrently, methanol can be used to tune the DMSO ratio in the intermediate perovskite phase to regulate perovskite formation. Planar solar cells fabricated by using this method exhibited the best efficiency of 16.4 % with a reduced current density-voltage hysteresis. This efficiency value is approximately 160 % higher than the devices fabrication by using only diethyl ether treatment. From the impedance measurement, it is also found that the recombination reaction is suppressed when the device is prepared with methanol additive in the antisolvent. This method presents a new path for controlling the growth and morphology of perovskite films in humid climates and laboratories with uncontrolled environments.

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“…Schematic illustration and energy band diagram of PSC with the inverted structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /PC 70 BM/Liq/Ag are shown in Figure 1A and Figure S2. While the PbI 2 film showed a representative crystallinity peak of 12.5°, the perovskite film, fabricated through the 2‐step process, showed strong perovskite crystalline peaks around 14°, 28.5°, and 32° (110, 220, and 310 planes, respectively) (Figure 1B), where highly crystalline perovskite film is essential for efficient device performance 32‐34 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liq interlayer as electron extraction layer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

An¹,

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained enormous attention due to their favorable features such as bandgap tunability, considerable free carrier diffusion length, low‐cost fabrication, and comparable efficiency to that of conventional silicon solar cells. Among several PSCs' structures, the inverted structure is the most suitable candidate for diverse portable applications since they can take advantage of the previously developed organic solar cells' structure. However, the single transporting layer system of the inverted‐structured PSCs makes it challenging to achieve high efficiency and operational stability. Here, we introduce a unique transporting layer system that adopts 8‐hydroxyquinolinolato‐lithium (Liq) as a buffer layer at the interface between [6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) and Ag electrode. By introducing the Liq, we effectively decreased the potential energy barrier and iodide accumulation at the interface between PC70BM and Ag electrode, which resulted in an efficient and stable PSC. In the optimized structure, the power conversion efficiency and stability (T80) increased from 9.5% and 100 h to 10.13% and 200 h, respectively.

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Improved performance of mesoscopic perovskite solar cell using an accelerated crystalline formation method

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

Enhanced Crystallization by Methanol Additive in Antisolvent for Achieving High‐Quality MAPbI₃ Perovskite Films in Humid Atmosphere

Liq interlayer as electron extraction layer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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Improved performance of mesoscopic perovskite solar cell using an accelerated crystalline formation method

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

How measurement protocols influence the dynamic J-V characteristics of perovskite solar cells: Theory and experiment

Enhanced Crystallization by Methanol Additive in Antisolvent for Achieving High‐Quality MAPbI3 Perovskite Films in Humid Atmosphere

Liq interlayer as electron extraction layer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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Enhanced Crystallization by Methanol Additive in Antisolvent for Achieving High‐Quality MAPbI₃ Perovskite Films in Humid Atmosphere