Improved nutrition for extremely preterm infants – A population based observational study

Abstract

Neonatal nutrition improved significantly in Stockholm from 2004 to 2011. Above all, parenteral nutrition was initiated more promptly during the first week and was provided at higher quantities. However, many of the EPT infants born during the later years still did not reach the recommended macronutrient intake levels. A significant weight gain improvement was observed between 2004-2005 and 2006-2011.

Early energy and protein intakes and associations with growth, BPD, and ROP in extremely preterm infants

“…The time span in this study provided a relatively large cohort of EPT infants with a great variability in energy and protein intakes. We have previously demonstrated that nutrition guidelines during this period, have been revised and nutritional intakes increased [14]. Birth year covaried strongly with the exposure, and the size of the cohort did not allow for a good quality model conditional on birth year.…”

“…Feeding guidelines were described in a previous publication [14]. Standard practice during the entire study period was to use mother's own milk (MOM) if available; if not, infants were fed with donor milk (DM).…”

“…Implemented bundles of nutritional interventions have resulted in higher intake of energy and protein primarily during the first postnatal week [14]. We hypothesized that these changes are associated with improved growth and decreased neonatal morbidity.…”

Perioperative nutrition in extremely preterm infants undergoing surgery for patent ductus arteriosus

“…Nutritional data was registered and stored in a nutrition calculating software program (www. nutrium.se, Nutrium AB, Umeå, Sweden) by dieticians [6,19,20]. Nutritional data included all enteral nutrition (mothers' own milk, donor human milk, human milk fortifiers, oral supplements of micronutrients) and parenteral nutrition, glucose infusions and added electrolytes.…”

“…P-values indicate differences between NICUs (ANOVA and KruskaleWallis regarding total energy-and macronutrients intake and enteral/parenteral energy-and macronutrients intake, respectively). a Min-needs ¼ Minimal estimated nutritional needs for enteral and parenteral nutrition [14,19].…”