Improved morphology and mechanical properties of UPA6/TPEE blends by reactive compatibilization

Peng, Shumin; Ren, Xi; Zhang, Wei; Yi, Chunwang; Su, Shengpei; Xi, Wang

doi:10.1177/0095244317708594

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Large amounts of PA6 and PA6-based copolymers have been used to produce food packages, medical glue, baby clothes and other medical and personal care products [25] for which safety is in high demand due to the special service environment. Hence, the migration and precipitation behaviours of oligomers, together with biodegradation, have drawn more researchers to focus on this material [26][27][28][29][30][31]. Moreover, in industrial PA6 plants, especially in monomer recovery unit, the b-form cyclic dimer in concentrate (also named water-soluble extractable with higher concentration) can easily arouse great aggregation in equipment and pipes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crystal-form transition behaviours and morphology changes in a polyamide 6 cyclic dimer

Peng

et al. 2018

R. Soc. open sci.

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The characteristics of pure α- and β-form of the cyclic dimer (1,8-diazacyclotetradecane-2,9-dione) were systematically and integrally investigated during this study. The results showed that the α-form could dissolve and rapidly transform into the β-form in methanol, and in caprolactam solution at a lower temperature, an interesting transition occurred and formed co-precipitates, which refract colourful light under PLM. However, these dimers can aggregate in water, and they are then transformed into multi-slice layers and compact structures. The detailed transition behaviours between the two forms were further measured by FT-IR, XRD and DSC by varying the temperature from 25°C to 360°C, respectively, which showed that there are two endothermic transitions over the course of the heating programme. At a temperature of approximately 242°C, the β crystals were initially converted into α crystals, and then they melted when the temperature reached over 345°C. A video recorded under a light microscope also showed that the sublimation of the β cyclic dimer occurred after the transition. However, the α-form might sublimate at temperatures lower than 150°C when mixed with volatile matter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crystal-form transition behaviours and morphology changes in a polyamide 6 cyclic dimer

Peng

et al. 2018

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…The overall PA66 particle size becomes relatively regular, as tightly embedded in the PP matrix, with high first PP‐g‐MAH concentrations. [ 72 ] This plateauing of particle size is in correlation with the saturation of chemical reaction in Figure 4 and the enhancement of mechanical properties in Figure 9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…[ 14 ] Moreover, the PA66 particles were not notably deformed even though the PP/PA66 blends were compressed to fabricate a composite sheet, presumably because of the high hardness of PA66. [ 72 ] Figure 11 shows that the size of PA66 particles gradually decreases with increasing the first PP‐g‐MAH feeding concentration and subsequently reaches a nearly constant size

< 1 μm

beyond 5% loading. The overall PA66 particle size becomes relatively regular, as tightly embedded in the PP matrix, with high first PP‐g‐MAH concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring compatibilization potential of maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene by sequential rheochemical processing of polypropylene and polyamide 66 blends

Seo

Kearney

Datta

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Reactive compatibilization of immiscible polymer blends using a preferred compatibilizer leaves the following question: How much loading of a compatibilizer is good enough and what maximum properties can be achieved? A good understanding of the process can help solve the reutilization of mixed waste plastics. Here, the reactive compatibilization of polypropylene-graftmaleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) on polypropylene/polyamide 66 (PP/PA66) blends is quantitatively assessed using thermorheological, microoptical, spectroscopic, and x-ray scattering-based characterization tools. The overall compositions of all PP(60%)/PA66(30%)/PP-g-MAH(10%) blends are kept constant while systematically controlling the degree of the chemical reaction by varying the sequential addition of PP-g-MAH to the melt mixture. The first feeding of PP-g-MAH (x%,0 ≤ x ≤ 10) is conducted at 280 C and the second feeding of (10 À x)% is at 200 C. During the first step, a larger amount of chemical activity is observed up to 4%-6% addition of PP-g-MAH. The constant chemical composition allows a systematic comparison of the compatibilizer-dependent thermal, rheological, morphological, and mechanical properties. With an increased degree of interfacial reaction, the size of dispersed PA66 domains decreases to register improved interfacial adhesion with the PP matrix, yielding enhanced Young's modulus and absolute failure strength of the isotropic matrix.

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“…Although polyester-based TPEs show high tensile strength at high temperatures, they have low permanent deformation, chemical resistance, and thermal stability at elevated temperatures. 21 As with almost all polymer blends, PA6/TPE blends have been reported in the literature to be incompatible and form multiphase systems due to transcrystallization. 22,23 This is due to the fact that polyamide crystallizes before the crystallizable phase of TPE, causing phase separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hybrid POSS Nanoparticles on the Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer-Toughened Polyamide 6

Yıldırım,

Ullah,

Koçoğlu

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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In this study, polyamide 6 (PA6)/thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) blends were prepared to decrease the notch sensitivity of PA6 for automotive applications, and the morphological, rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of PA6/TPE blends, which are partially miscible or immiscible depending on the TPE ratio, were significantly improved in the existence of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles with multiple reactive epoxy groups as compatibilizers. An unstable phase morphology was obtained with the addition of TPE into PA6 without POSS nanoparticles, whereas interfacial interactions between phases in the presence of POSS were enhanced as a result of a significant decrease in the average particle size from 1.39 to 0.41 μm. The complex viscosity value of the 70PA6/30TPE blend, which was 20 kPa/s –1 at 0.1 rad/s angular frequency, reached 380 kPa/s –1 with the addition of POSS due to the formation of long chains by the generation of graft and/or block copolymers, which resulted in a 65% increase in Young’s modulus value. Most notably, the Izod impact strength of pure PA6, which was 10 kJ/m 2 , increased by 290% with the incorporation of POSS. It was confirmed by FTIR analysis that the reactive multiple epoxy groups of MultEpPOSS and EPPOSS nanoparticles react with the proper groups of PA6 and/or TPE, and also, a partial hydrogen bonding interaction occurs between PA6-TPE from the shifting of N–H and carbonyl peaks. In conclusion, it can be suggested that POSS nanoparticles can serve as highly effective compatibilizers for PA6/TPE blends and have potential commercial applications, especially in the automotive sector.

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Improved morphology and mechanical properties of UPA6/TPEE blends by reactive compatibilization

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

The crystal-form transition behaviours and morphology changes in a polyamide 6 cyclic dimer

The crystal-form transition behaviours and morphology changes in a polyamide 6 cyclic dimer

Tailoring compatibilization potential of maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene by sequential rheochemical processing of polypropylene and polyamide 66 blends

Effects of Hybrid POSS Nanoparticles on the Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer-Toughened Polyamide 6

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