Improved magnetization and reduced leakage current in Sm and Sc co-substituted BiFeO3

Abstract

X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that an orthorhombic Pnma structure evolved with a phase fraction of 84% in the rhombohedral R3c structure of BFO upon the substitution of Sm and Sc. The changes in the intensity and the frequency of Raman modes also corroborated the structural transformation in the BSFSO compound. A decrease in grain size, reduction in porosity, and improved density were observed in the BSFSO compound. An enhanced remanent magnetization of 0.2 emu/g and coercive field of 6.2 kOe were observed, which were attributed to the structural change as well as the destruction of the spin structure with the substitution. Impedance and leakage current measurements revealed that the insulating character of BFO was improved with the substitution of Sm and Sc in BFO and was explained based on the bond enthalpy concept. The enhanced magnetic properties along with the improved insulating character of BSFSO compound will be suitable for device applications. Published by AIP Publishing.

Multiple strategies to greatly enhance the photovoltaic characteristics of BiFeO3-based films

“…It is evident that in the Raman spectra of (Pr, Co) co-doped BiFeO 3 films, the A 1 -1 mode exhibits a tendency to shift towards the shortwave direction (blue shift), which is proportional to ( k / M ) 1/2 ( k is a constant, M is the reduced mass) based on the frequency of the modes. 13 The change in frequency here may be due to the relatively light ion mass of Pr 3+ partially replacing heavy Bi 3+ . However, A 1 -2 and A 1 -3 modes are related to Fe atoms, affecting the magnetism of the sample.…”

Vacancies' effect on the ferroelectric and magnetic response of Eu‐doped Bi0.85Pr0.15Fe0.97Mn0.03O3 thin films

“…For this particular case, the Fe and Mn cation concentration is constant; therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that the defect formation is attributed simply to Equations () and (). However, the trend of the hysteresis loops shows a degradation with the Eu 3+ ion content, which is attributed to the current leakage concentration 33,44 . A possible reason for this behavior is that the Eu cation acts as a flux, reducing the sintering temperature as had occurred in other ceramics with Eu concentration, 45,46 thus inducing more defects by Bi evaporation.…”

“…However, the trend of the hysteresis loops shows a degradation with the Eu 3+ ion content, which is attributed to the current leakage concentration. 33,44 A possible reason for this behavior is that the Eu cation acts as a flux, reducing the sintering temperature as had occurred in other ceramics with Eu concentration, 45,46 thus inducing more defects by Bi evaporation. In this scenario, the defects of oxygen (V ÁÁ O ) and bismuth (V ´´B i ) vacancies can be created according to the following equations.…”

Study of Dielectric Relaxation Dynamics and Transport Properties of Nd3+-Substituted Bismuth Ferrite Ceramics for Energy Storage Applications

“…Thus, suppressing the transition from Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ is an effective strategy as this method has already been successful in reducing the leakage current in BFO-based ceramics by partial replacement of rare-earth ions in bisite (such as Nd, La, Eu, Er, Ho, Sm, etc. ) ,− or transition-metal ions in Fe-site (such as Ti, Mn, Co, and Al etc. ) ,− or BFO-ABO 3 (BTO, CTO, and STO etc.)…”