Improved Level of Technogenic Safety in Plants Intended Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

Abstract

Solid municipal waste can be an alternative and renewable type of fuel. Waste incineration provides effective disposal, significant volume reduction and utilization of the energy potential of the carbon waste part. In order to protect the components of the biosphere and service personnel from harmful substances that are formed in the furnace space, it is first necessary to assess the chemical composition and volume of emissions. The purpose of the work is to study the process of burning municipal waste, determine the heat energy obtained, determine the amount of air required for the complete combustion reaction, and determine the volume of flue gases produced as a result of combustion. To achieve the goal of the research, a complex of methods of system analysis and the method of data analysis was applied. An analysis of modern international literary sources, an analysis of the morphological composition of the combustible part of solid household waste, and an analysis of the interaction of chemical substances was carried out. For the research, several components of waste were collected, which were conditionally divided into two main groups - paper and plastic. The first group includes waste, which includes wood, cardboard, and paper. The second group (plastic) includes waste, which includes plastic in the form of scraps of polyethylene film, disposable dishes. As a result of the research, a theoretical volume of combustion products was obtained for the further design of the system of protection of the environment and service personnel from emissions of thermal disposal of solid household waste. Research results can be used in the design of municipal waste incineration equipment. The system of using the heat of flue gases generated after burning waste to dry the waste before feeding it to the furnace is of great importance for saving additional fuel.